Anatomy
Class at the National Academy of Osteopathy
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192 questions
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Bursitis | A swelling of a joint's fluid sac is called? |
| Subscapular bursa, subdeltoid bursa, subacromial bursa, and subcoracoid bursa. | Label the four bursae are associated with the shoulder joint: |
| Coracohumeral ligament, Glenohumeral Ligament | Label the ligaments (2) |
| Subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor | What are the 4 rotator muscles |
| See image | Fill in the blanks |
| Here. | Where is the Supraspinatus |
| Supraspinatus | What is the main muscles being used here? |
| Labeled | Label The Following |
| Infraspinatus, terese minor | Which two muscles allow you to externally(latterally) rotate your arm and hold your shoulder away from your body? |
| Subscapularis Muscle. | The ______________ is used when the arm and shoulder rotate TOWARDS the body. |
| The pectoralis minor arises by three heads from ___________ and converges on the coracoid process of the ______________. | The ________________ arises by three heads from ribs 3 to 5 and converges on the _____________ of the scapula. |
| - Draws Scapula Downwards, which lowers raised arm (postero-medially rotates angle of scapula) - Assists in respiration | Actions of the Pectoralis Minor: |
| The Sternum is raised by the ___________ muslce. | The sternoceledomastoid raises the _______________. |
| The ribs are raised by the ____________ muscle. | The pectoralis major raises the _____________ |
| _______a______ is the shape of the thorax at the end of normal _____b_____ and ______a______. | Define Maximal Inspiration. |
| The muscle originates on the1st through 9th ribs and inserts on the vertabral border of the scapula. | What is the origin and insertion of the serratus anterior? |
| W hen it contracts, the scapula glides laterally and slightly forward around the ribs. | What happens when the serratus anterior contracts? |
| Wearing a heavy backpack might injur what muscle? | What is a common lesion/injury cause for the serratus anterior? |
| The loss of the serratus anterior will cause what to happen to the scapula? | The "winging" of the scapula/separation of the scapula from chest wall the is caused by the loss/injury of what muscle? |
| Without the ___________ the arm cannot be raised more than 90 degrees. | If the serratus anterior is damaged, the arm cannot do what? |
| The Trapezius, Levator Scapulae, Rhomboideus Minor, Rhomboideus Major are what group of muscles? | The posterior group of muscles on the shoulder consists of: (4) |
| Pectoralis Minor, Serratus Anterior are what group of muscles? | The anterior group of muscles on the shoulder consists of: (2) |
| It moves the scapulae (when the spinal origins are stable), It moves the spine (when the scapulae are stable). It mainly stabilizes the scapula. | Contraction of the trapezius muscle can have two effects: |
| Levator Scapulae, Rhomboid Minor, Rhomboid Major | Label the following: |
| The spine of the scapula separates the supraspinatus muscle from__________? | Where does the infraspinatus originate? |
| The _____________ is a triangular muscle, also named for its location in the ____________ FOSSA of the scapula. | The infraspinatus is a triangular muscle, also named for its location in the infraspinous ______ of the scapula. |
| The infraspinatus and teres minor rotate the head of the humerus outward (external, or lateral, rotation); they also assist in carrying the arm (Which direction). | Fill in the blanks (2). Which two muscle allow you to do this action? They assist in also carryin the arm backward. |
| Teres Minor. Its belly lies parallel to the inferior edge of the __________ and is sometimes indistinguishable from it | What muscle is this? Its belly lies parallel to the inferior edge of the INFRASPINATOUS and is sometimes indistinguishable from it |
| The infraspinatus and teres minor attach to head of the humerus; as part of the rotator cuff they help hold the humeral head in the glenoid cavity of the scapula. | The _________ and __________ attach to head of the humerus; as part of the rotator cuff they help hold the humeral head in the glenoid cavity of the scapula. |
| This one. Skip, no question. | Which Muscle is the Subscapularis? Part of the joint capsule |
| The subscapularis. | What muscle allows this movement? |
| Rotation, Elevation, Retraction and Protraction (moving the shoulders foreward and back). The ________ braces the shoulder and moderates these movements. | What movements is the scapular capeable of? The clavicle braces the shoulder and moderates these movements. (4) |
| The major muscles of the anterior group of pectoral girdle are the _______ ______ and serratus anterior. | The major muscles of the anterior group of pectoral girdle are the pectoralis minor and _____ ______. |
| See image. | What are the following muscles? |
| The _________ muscle arises from separate heads on ribs 1 to 9. | The serratus anterior arises from separate heads on ribs _ to _. |
| What are the 4 muscles refered to as "SITS"? | Subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor and supraspinatus |
| Label these two muscles. | Left: Pectoralis Major, Right: Pectoralis Minor |
| What is unique about the pectoralis major's insertion on the humerus? | The pectoralis inserts "twisted" on the humerus, and it "untwists" with raising of the arm. When in use it helps with the rotation and adduction of the humerous, and keeps the humerous attatched to the body. |
| What muscle is this? What is it's primary function? | Latissimus Dorsi |
| What are the 7 subscapular muscles? | Coracobrachialis muscle deltoid muscle teres major muscle SITS; infraspinatus muscle, subscapularis muscle, supraspinatus muscle, teres minor muscle |
| What is one function of the deltoid? | - Flex the arm at the (glenohumeral) shoulder joint. - Medially rotatesthe arm at the (glenohumeral) shoulder joint. - Abducts the arm at the (glenohumeral) shoulder joint. |
| What is this SECTION of muscle? | Anterior Deltoid |
| What is this SECTION of muscle? | Medial Deltoid |
| What is this SECTION of muscle? | Posterior Deltoid |
| When the angle between the arm and torso becomes LESS than 60%, the Posterior and Anterior deltoid sections act as ___________ to the medial deltoid? | Antagonists (they relax) |
| When the angle between the arm and torso becomes MORE than 60%, the Posterior and Anterior deltoid sections act as ___________ to the medial deltoid? | Agonists (they contract) |
| What are the seven scapulohumeral muscles | Coracobrachialis muscle, deltoid muscle, teres major muscle AND THE 4 ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLES (SITS): infraspinatus muscle subscapularis muscle supraspinatus muscle teres minor muscle |
| Finish the sentence: The teres major is a medial rotator and ________ of the humerus and assists the latissimus dorsi in drawing the previously raised humerus downward and backward (extension, but not hyper extension). | Adductor; the movement of a limb or other part toward the midline of the body or toward another part. |
| Label the following | Terese Minor, Teres major |
| What is this muscle: C? | Coracobrachialis |
| Label the following | Answers |
| Label | Answers |
| Complete the sentence: To ______ and _______ the arm. It also stabilizes the _______ of the ________. | Flex, adduct, head, humerous. |
| Label | Subclavius, pectoralis minor |
| Label the muscles | Sternoceleidomastoid (SCM) and Omohyoid |
| __________, __________, and ________ are produced in the red bone marrow, which fills the internal cavities of many bone | Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, Platelets |
| What TYPES of bones are these? | See image. |
| What's the largest sesamoid bone in your body? | Patella (knee cap) |
| What are the individual names of these 3 parts of long bones? | Proximal Epyphysis, Metaphysis, Diaphysis |
| What does yellow bone marrow mainly consist of? | Adipose tissue (fatty tissue) |
| Which circle shows the greater tubercle? | The left-most one |
| Which circle shows the lesser tubercle? | The Middle |
| Which shape shows the capitulum? | Triangle |
| Which is the radius and which is the ulna? | Ulna: #1, Radius: #2 |
| What is the name of the depicted fibers holding the ulna and radius together? | Interosseous Membrane |
| What's my name? | Trochlear Notch |
| What's my name? | Coronoid Process |
| What bone is the "point" of the elbow found on? What is the anatomical name for this point called? | Ulna, Olecranon |
| What process is found on both distal tips of the ulnar and radius? | The Styloid Process(es) |
| What's the name of these notches? | Trochlear Notch(es) |
| The outer part of the radius is the _______ surface of the lower arm. The outer part of the ulna is the _______ surface of the lower arm. | Lateral (outer) Medial (inner) |
| What are the 3 joints in the elbow joint? | 1. Humeroradial Joint 2. Humeroulnar Joint 3. Proximal Radioulnar Joint |
| What kind of joint is the elbow joint? | Hinge Joint (like a door!) |
| Fill in the blank. | Carrying |
| Which one of these is the correct angle, without bone/joint deformity? | The one on the far left is considered "Normal" and correct. |
| Which is knowns as (abnormal) Cubitus Valgus? | The Far Right. "Cubitus valgus is a medical deformity in which the forearm is angled away from the body to a greater degree than normal when fully extended. A small degree of cubitus valgus (known as the carrying angle; THE ONE ON THE LEFT) is acceptable and occurs in the general population." |
| Which of these is the deformity known as "Cubitus Varus"? | Middle. Cubitus varus (varus means a deformity of a limb in which part of it is deviated towards the midline of the body) is a common deformity in which the extended forearm is deviated towards midline of the body. |