Bio 11(cell energy)
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| What are autotrophs? | Autotrophic organisms are called autotrophs, they have the ability to make their own food. Producers |
| What are heterotrophs? | Heterotrophic organisms are called heterotrophs. They must consume food that is made by other organisms, hence they are often called consumers |
| What is the first law of thermodynamics? | It states that energy can not be created or destroyed but changes forms. In photosynthesis sunlight energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of glucose. |
| What are exergonic reactions? | In an exergonic reaction, the reactants have more energy than the final products. As a result, energy is released. |
| What are endergonic reactions? | In an endergonic reaction the initial reactants have less energy than the final product. Energy has been added |
| What is the difference inbetween oxidation and reduction reactions? | Oxidation reactions involve the loss of electrons while reduction reactions involve the gaining of electrons |
| What is the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis? | (Water)6H2O+(Carbon dioxide)6CO2Sunlight(glucose)C6H12O6+(Oxygen)6O2 |
| What is the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis? | 1.Chlorophyll A traps sunlight and the electrons become energized. 2.Energy within these electrons is transferred intothe bonds between 2 ADP molecules and 2 phosphate groups(2ATP). 3.Water is given off as a biproduct . 4.A second burst of sunlight energizes chlorophyll B(electrons), this energy will split one molecule of water. 5.The 2 hydrogen atoms join with NADP becoming NADPH+H. 6.As these reactions continue, water and Oxygen are given off as biproducts. |
| What is the carbon fixation phase? | During the carbonfixation phase, hydrogen atoms from H20 are joined with CO2 molecules to form glucose(C6H12O6). Energy needed for this reaction comes from ATP and NADPH2 (from the previous step). It can also be called the Calvin cycle |
| What is the difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? | In photosynthesis, oxygen and sugar are products of the reaction while in cellular respiration they are the inputs. In cellular respiration Carbon dioxide and water are products of the reaction while in photosynthesis they are the Inputs. |
| What does glycolysis mean? | The breakdown of glucose to release energy to later on produce ATP |
| What are the hydrogen acceptors? | NADP and FAD pick up hydrogen which has lots of energy. These molecules deliver the hydrogen the electron transport chain where the hydrogen is released and the energy is captured to produce ATP |
| What does aerobic respiration mean? | Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and involves the complete oxidation of glucose. As glucose moves through Glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle and the Electron Transport Chain, 36 molecules of ATP are gained. |
| What does anaerobic mean? | Anaerobic respiration takes place in the absence of oxygen and produces 2 ATP molecules |