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The nitrogenous base found in messenger RNA but not in DNA

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Uracil

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The nitrogenous base found in messenger RNA but not in DNA

Uracil

An explanation describing evolution as consisting of long phases of little change alternating with short phases of rapid change

Punctuated equilibrium

Genus to which Little Foot and Mrs Ples belongs

Australopithecus

The cell organelle to which mRNA attaches during protein synthesis

Ribosome

The position of a gene on a chromosome

Locus

The sugar that forms part of a nucleotide in RNA

Ribose

The use of living organisms and their biological processes to improve the quality of human life

Biotechnology

Type of variation within a population in which there is a range of intermediate phenotypes

Continuous variation

An upright posture and walking only on two legs

Bipedalism

A sugar molecule found in a nucleotide of DNA

Deoxyribose

Genetic disorder resulting in the abnormal clotting of blood

Haemophilia

Study of fossils

Palaeontology

Present-day distribution of living organisms across the continents

Biogeography

Family to which humans belong

Hominidae

The organelle in the cytoplasm which is the site of protein synthesis

Ribosome

The name of the bond that forms between amino acids in a protein molecule

Peptide

The process by which a DNA molecule makes identical copies of itself

Replication

The name of the process when homologous chromosome pairs fail to separate during meiosis

Non-disjunction

A testable statement that may be accepted or rejected

Hypothesis

The type of nucleic acid that carries a specific amino acid

TRNA

A diagram showing the inheritance of genetic disorders over many generations

Pedigree

The phase in the cell cycle during which DNA replication occurs

Interphase

The first Homo species to use tools

(Homo) habilis

Undifferentiated cells that can develop into any cell type

Stem

A breeding process used for the domestication of plants and animals

Artificial selection

A diagrammatic representation of possible evolutionary relationships amongst species

Phylogenetic tree

The splitting of the cytoplasm during cell division

Cytokinesis

A type of variation where there is a range of phenotypes for the same characteristic

Continuous variation

The present-day distribution of living organisms

Biogeography

Homologous structures

An individual having two non-identical alleles for a characteristic

Heterozygous

The bonds between nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule

Hydrogen bonds

All the genes that make up an organism

Genome

The type of evidence for human evolution that includes tool-making

Cultural evidence

The process whereby new species are formed

Speciation

An inherited disorder where blood fails to clot properly

Haemophilia

Two or more alternative forms of a gene at the same locus

Alleles

The type of variation in a population with no intermediate phenotypes

Discontinuous variation