Name: Exploring Medical Language
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Exploring Medical Language - Details

Levels:

1) Body Structure, Color, and Oncology View
2) Endocrine system View

Questions:

78 questions

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Basic unit of all living things

Cell

... forms the boundary of the cell

Cell membrane

Gel-like fluid inside the cell

Cytoplasm

Largest structure within the cell, usually spherical and centrally located. It contains chromosomes for cellular reproduction and is the control center and source of energy production for the cell.

Nucleus

...located in the nucleus of the cell

Chromosomes

Regions within the chromosome.

Genes

... comprises each gene; is a genetic material that regulates the activities of the cell.

DNA

Tissue

... composed of cells that have a special ability to contract, usually producing movement

Muscle tissue

Nervous tissue

Connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures.

Connective tissue

The major covering of the external surface of the body; forms membranes that line body cavities and organs and is the major tissue in glands.

Epithelial tissue

Two or more types of tissues that together perform special body functions.

Organ

Large internal organs contained in the body cavities, especially in the abdominal cavity

Viscera

Group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions.

System

Composed of skin, nails, and glands. Forms a protective covering for the body, regulates body temperature, and helps manufacture vitamin D. Which system?

Integumentary system

Composed of nose, pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchial tubes, and lungs. Performs respiration, which provides for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body. Which system?

Respiratory system

Composed of kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Removes waste material (urine) from the body, regulates fluid volume, and maintains electrolyte concentration. Which system?

Urinary system

Female ... is composed of ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands. Male ... is composed of testes, urethra, penis, prostate gland, and associated tubes. Responsible for heredity and reproduction. Which system?

Reproductive system

Composed of the heart and blood vessels. Pumps and transports blood throughout the body. Which system?

Cardiovascular system

Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides for defense against infection and drainage of extracellular fluid. Which system?

Lymphatic system

Composed of the gastrointestinal tract which includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and anus, plus accessory organs, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. Prepares food for use by the body cells and eliminates waste. Which system?

Digestive system

Composed of muscle, bones, and joints. Provides movement and framework for the body, protects vital organs such as the brain, stores calcium, and produces red blood cells. Which system?

Musculoskeletal system

Composed of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Regulates specific body activities by sending and receiving messages. Which system?

Nervous system

Composed of glands that secrete hormones. Hormones regulate many specific body activities. Which system?

Endocrine system

The complete set of genes for all the cells of a specific organism

Genome

The study of the genome and its products and interactions.

Genomics

The study of the genome and how it can be used to determine the cause, treatment, and prevention of disease.

Medical genomics

Any therapeutic procedure in which genes are intentionally introduced into human body cells to achieve gene repair, gene suppression, or gene addition.

Gene therapy

Immature cells found in the bone marrow and peripheral blood.

Hematopoietic stem cells

Hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation may be obtained from the patient are called ... stem cells

Autologous

Hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation may be obtained from an identical twin are called ... stem cells

Synergetic

Hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation may be obtained from a sibling or other individual are called ... stem cells

Allogenic

... are derived from the earliest stage of development of the embryo and have the potential to develop into mature body cells.

Embryonic stem cells

Cancer involving the white blood cells

Leukemia

Disease in which there is inadequate production of blood cells

Aplastic anemia

Cancer that forms a lot of tumors in the bone marrow

Multiple myeloma

Cancer involving lymphoid cells

Lymphoma

(a group of disorders) ... occur when the immune system is not working properly

Immune deficiency disorders

Space inside the skull (cranium) containing the brain

Cranial cavity

Space inside the spinal column containing the spinal cord

Spinal cavity

Space containing the heart, aorta, lungs, esophagus, trachea, bronchi, and mediastinal area

Thoracic cavity

Space containing the stomach, intestines, kidneys, adrenal glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and ureters

Abdominal cavity

Space containing the urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, parts of the small and large intestine, and the anus

Pelvic cavity

Both the pelvic and abdominal cavities

Abdominopelvic cavity

COMBINING FORM for gland

Aden/o-

COMBINING FORM for cell

Cyt/o-

COMBINING FORM for epithelium

Epitheli/o-

COMBINING FORM for fiber

Fibr/o-

COMBINING FORM for tissue

Hist/o-

COMBINING FORM for nucleus

Kary/o-

COMBINING FORM for fat

Lip/o-

COMBINING FORM for muscle

My/o-

COMBINING FORM for nerve

Neur/o-

COMBINING FORM for organ

Organ/o-

COMBINING FORM for flesh, connective tissue

Sarc/o-

COMBINING FORM for system

System/o-

COMBINING FORM for internal organs

Viscer/o-

COMBINING FORM for a cancer (a disease characterized by the unregulated, abnormal growth of new cells)

Carcin/o-

COMBINING FORM for a cause (of disease)

Eti/o-

COMBINING FORM for the knowledge

Gno/o-

COMBINING FORM for a physician, medicine (also means treatment)

Iatro/o-

COMBINING FORM for smooth ...

Iatr/o-

COMBINING FORM for a tumor, mass

Onc/o-

COMBINING FORM for a disease

Path/o-

COMBINING FORM for rod-shaped, striated ....

Rhabd/o-

COMBINING FORM for body

Somat/o-

Chlor/o-

Chrom/o-

Cyan/o-

Erythr/o-

Leuk/o-

Melan/o-

Xanth/o-

The endocrine system regulates body activities through the use of chemical messengers called...?

Hormones

Hormones are secreted by ...?

Endocrine glands

Because endocrine glands do not have ducts to carry their secretions, they are also known as ...?

Ductless glands

.... have ducts that carry their secretions from the producing gland to other parts of the body.

Exocrine glands

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