GCSE Biology 2
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| What are the main producers of food and biomass on Earth? | Photosynthetic organisms. |
| The process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using light energy. | Photosynthesis |
| What do plants use photosynthesis for? | Plants use photosynthesis to make their food. |
| What do plants absorb from their environment for photosynthesis? | Carbon dioxide Water Light energy |
| What do plants use carbon from carbon dioxide to make? | Carbohydrates Fats Oils Proteins (amino acids) |
| Why do plants use light energy? | To turn the reactants (carbon dioxide and water) into products (glucose and oxygen) |
| Where is chlorophyll found in plants? | Chlorophyll is found in chloroplasts in the leaves. |
| What do plants absorb light energy through? | A green pigment called chlorophyll |
| A reaction that takes in energy from the surroundings. | Endothermic Reaction |
| Where is chlorophyll found? | Chloroplasts in the leaf |
| Is photosynthesis an endothermic or exothermic reaction? | Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction. |
| What type of reaction is photosynthesis? | An endothermic reaction |
| What is the primary use of the glucose produced in photosynthesis? | The glucose produced is used by the plant as food. |
| What is an endothermic reaction | A reaction that takes in energy from the surroundings |
| What do plants produce from photosynthesis? | Glucose Oxygen |
| What happens to the oxygen produced during photosynthesis? | The oxygen produced is released into the environment. |
| Why is glucose unsuitable for storage in plants? | It is soluble |
| Carbon dioxide + Water + Light energy → Glucose + Oxygen | Photosynthesis Word Equation |
| . | Photosynthesis Symbol Equation |
| What is oxygen produced by the plant used for? | It is not used It is released into the environment |
| Organisms, such as plants and algae, capable of converting light energy into food through photosynthesis. | Photosynthetic Organisms |
| Photosynthesis word equation | Carbon dioxide + Water + Light energy → Glucose + Oxygen |
| What is the primary function of photosynthetic organisms? | Photosynthetic organisms are the main producers of food and biomass on Earth. |
| Photosynthesis symbol equation | 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
| What are the main producers of food and biomass on Earth? | Photosynthetic organisms |
| Where do photosynthetic organisms stand in food chains? | Photosynthetic organisms are the main producers of food in all food chains. |
| In all food chains, what type of organisms are the main producers of food? | Photosynthetic organisms |
| What is the role of photosynthetic organisms in the production of biomass? | They are the main producers of biomass (living material) on Earth. |
| What is biomass? | Living material |
| Who are the primary producers of biomass on earth? | Photosynthetic organisms (plants and algae) |
| What are the three main factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis? | Light intensity Carbon dioxide concentration Temperature |
| What are the three main factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis? | Light intensity Carbon dioxide concentration Temperature |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| Various elements that influence the speed of photosynthesis, including light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature. | Factors Affecting Photosynthesis |
| How does light intensity influence the rate of photosynthesis? | Photosynthesis happens faster at higher light intensities because light provides the energy needed for the process. |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| Name three factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis. | Light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and temperature are the three factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis |
| Why does an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the air lead to a faster rate of photosynthesis? | Carbon dioxide is one of the raw materials needed for photosynthesis A higher concentration allows for faster conversion into glucose. |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| What is the relationship between temperature and the rate of photosynthesis? | The higher the temperature, the faster the rate of photosynthesis. At higher temperatures, reactant molecules have more energy, leading to more successful reactions. |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| How does light intensity impact the rate of photosynthesis? | Photosynthesis happens faster at higher light intensities because light provides the energy needed for the process. |
| What happens to the enzymes controlling photosynthesis at very high temperatures? | At very high temperatures, enzymes controlling photosynthesis are denatured (damaged), leading to the cessation of photosynthesis. |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| The amount of carbon dioxide available in the environment, influencing the rate of photosynthesis. | Carbon Dioxide Concentration |
| What are the factors affecting photosynthesis known as? | Limiting factors |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| Why does an increase in carbon dioxide concentration enhance the rate of photosynthesis? | The higher the concentration of carbon dioxide, the faster the rate of photosynthesis, as carbon dioxide is a raw material needed for the process. |
| Define a limiting factor in the context of photosynthesis. | A limiting factor is a condition necessary for photosynthesis, and if it is in short supply, it can prevent photosynthesis from happening any faster. |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| How does temperature influence the rate of photosynthesis? | At higher temperatures, the rate of photosynthesis increases because reactant molecules have more energy, leading to more successful reactions. However, very high temperatures can denature enzymes, causing photosynthesis to stop. |
| Why is light the limiting factor at night for photosynthesis? | There is little light during the night, even if other conditions like carbon dioxide and chlorophyll are available. |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| Conditions necessary for photosynthesis, and if any are in short supply, they can restrict the rate of photosynthesis. | Limiting Factors |
| How does increasing the light level affect the rate of photosynthesis? | Increasing the light level increases the rate of photosynthesis. |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| What is a limiting factor in photosynthesis? | A limiting factor is a condition that, if in short supply, prevents photosynthesis from happening any faster. |
| At a certain point, why does further increasing the light level stop making a difference? | Something else becomes the limiting factor. |
| The limiting factor during nighttime photosynthesis is the absence of light. | Light Intensity Limiting Factor |
| Can graphs of photosynthesis show more than one limiting factor at the same time? | Yes, several limiting factors can affect the rate of photosynthesis simultaneously. |
| Why is light the limiting factor at night for photosynthesis? | At night, there's little light, which makes it the limiting factor even if other conditions such as carbon dioxide and chlorophyll are present. |
| What does the levelling off of a photosynthesis graph indicate about a limiting factor? | When the graph levels off, it suggests that the factor that was initially limiting is no longer limiting. |
| The situation where raising the light intensity results in an increased rate of photosynthesis. | Increased Light Intensity |
| When the rate of photosynthesis becomes constant on the graph, what does it indicate about the limiting factor? | It indicates that the factor has ceased to be the limiting factor. |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when the light level is increased? | The rate of photosynthesis increases with an increase in light level. |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| When, despite increased light levels, the rate of photosynthesis reaches a point where further increases in light no longer make a difference. | New Limiting Factor |
| What happens to light intensity as the distance from the light source increases? | Light intensity decreases. |
| What occurs when increasing the light intensity further stops affecting the rate of photosynthesis? | At this point, something else has become the limiting factor. |
| How is the relationship between distance and light intensity described? | There is an inverse relationship between distance and light intensity. |
| Graphical representations illustrating the relationship between the rate of photosynthesis and various factors. | Photosynthesis Graphs |
| What is the equation that represents the relationship between distance and light intensity? | The inverse square law. |
| What can photosynthesis graphs show? | Photosynthesis graphs can demonstrate the impact of multiple limiting factors on the rate of photosynthesis. |
| How does the amount of light reaching a plant change if the distance is doubled? | The amount of light reaching the plant is quartered. |
| Conditions affecting the rate of photosynthesis that can be depicted on a graph. | Limiting Factors in Photosynthesis Graphs |
| If the distance from the light source is 3 times as far away, how is the light spread over the area? | The light is spread over 9 times the area. |
| Can a graph show more than one limiting factor? | Yes, graphs can show the impact of multiple limiting factors on the rate of photosynthesis. |
| Describe the relationship between the rate of photosynthesis and light intensity. | The rate of photosynthesis is directly proportional to light intensity. |
| The condition initially restricting the rate of photosynthesis, as seen in the early stages of the graph. | Initial Limiting Factor |
| How is the rate of photosynthesis related to the distance from the light source? | The rate of photosynthesis is inversely proportional to the distance from the light source. |
| What is the initial limiting factor in the photosynthesis graph? | In the example given, carbon dioxide concentration is the initial limiting factor. |
| The point on a graph where the rate of photosynthesis levels off, indicating that the limiting factor has changed. | Constant Rate |
| What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when a lamp is moved away from a plant? | Photosynthesis happens more slowly. |
| What does a constant rate on a photosynthesis graph suggest? | When the rate becomes constant, it signifies that the initial limiting factor, such as carbon dioxide concentration, is no longer limiting the rate. |
| Another condition, such as temperature in this example, that becomes a limiting factor after the initial one is no longer limiting. | Second Limiting Factor |
| In the example provided, what is the secondary limiting factor? | Temperature becomes a limiting factor after the rate levels off, leading to a further increase in the rate of photosynthesis when the temperature increased. |
| The principle stating that light intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the light source. | Inverse Square Law |
| What is the relationship between light intensity and distance according to the inverse square law? | There is an inverse relationship between distance and light intensity; as distance increases, light intensity decreases. |