History Germany 1890-1945 Chapter 1 - Details

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The unification of germany. The king of prussia became the kaiser

What happened in 1871?

The most powerful germanic state

What is prussia?

Kaiser Wilhelm, he wanted to unite all german speaking states to become more powerful

Who was its leader and what was his aims?

Nearby countries would feel threatened

How did other countries feel abou Kaisers aims?

Belief that a country should have a strong armed forces

What is militarism?

Chancellor, Bundesrat, Reichstag and the kaiser.

What are the 4 main parts of german parliamentry government?

To consult the kaiser over new laws

What was the role oft he Bundesrat?

Discuss and vote on laws the Kaiser and his ministers made

What was the role of the Reichstag?

1. Spent most of his youth in the army 2. Keen to maintain a powerful army and build up a large navy 3. Took pride in the military and was very interested in military tactics 4. Wanted Germany to be a global power and have an empire to rival Britain's 5. Was from Prussia, believed in militarism and Prussian generals, army officers and tactics formed the basis of the new German government.

What are the key things to know about Kaiser Wilhelm?

The Kaiser could choose to ignore the governments advice and make his own decisions

What problems did the Kaisers government face?

Building up an industry

What is industrialisation?

In the late 1800's

When did Germany begin to industrialise?

The support of powerful German businessmen cause the production of iron and coal to double. 1913- Germany was producing as much coal as Britain and more iron and steel. 1914- Germany produced two thirds of Europe's steel. In industries such as electrical goods and chemicals, German companies dominated Europe.

How successful was the German industry?

1. Made land owners and leading factory owners very rich, these people also had an increased influence on the Kaiser and enjoyed their power 2. The working class were unhappy with the long hours and low wages

How did industrialisation impact the German people?

Idea that power and wealth should be shared equally among the people (democracy)

What is socialism?

1. Many workers were unhappy with the low wages and poor working conditions 2. Workers joined trade unions and organised strikes hoping to force government to improve pay and working conditions. By 1914, 3,000,000 workers has joined trade unions. 3. A new political party the social democratic party (SPD) became popular with the workers 4. Some socialists took a more extreme approach and wanted to rebel against the Kaisers rule and start a revolution to replace the Kaisers with groups of workers.

What caused the growth of socialism?

Because the Kaiser could chose to ignore the government's advice and there for means that it was more of a dictatorship.

Why can it be argued that the Kaiserreich was not a real democracy?

He built up the German industry which benefited the upper class by increasing their wealth and power. However, by building the economy the workers wages were low and their working conditions were poor.

Why was the kaiser popular with nationalists but unpopular with the socialists?

The idea that Wilhelm wanted to transform Germany into a global power with control over countries in different parts of the world.

What is 'Weltpolitik'?

Groups of workers formed to protect their interests

What are trade unions

1. Socialism 2. Hoped the Kaiser might allow the Reichstag to make more social reforms or laws to improve worker's rights and conditions 3. Disagreed with the power and privileged positions held by land and factory owners 4. 1 in 3 voted for this party at the time in Germany

What did the SPD believe in?

In the late 1800's Germany took over other nations, the majority being in Africa. Prince Bernhard von Bulow said 'we demand our place in the sun' during a debate in the reichstag in 1897. This was because at the time the Kaiser wanted Germany to have it's own empire. The quote basically is saying Germany has the right to its own empire just like Britain.

What is the significance of 'a place in the sun'? Who said this?

1. Large navy of powerful battleships. This would help take over more countries and protect the ones he already had 2. A series of Naval laws between 1898 and 1912 3. Expanded the army

How did the Kaiser protect his new empire?

It caused a rapid increase in the size of the navy, building ships cost huge sums of money so taxes had to be raised and further money was borrowed to achieve this. Germany would remain in debt for a very long time.

How did the naval laws help the Kaiser to protect his empire?

The hated the fact that this money could have been used to improve living and working conditions of ordinary people

How did the Socialists react to the raise in taxes for increasing the size of the navy?

They admired the militaristic strength of the Kaiser

What did the Nationalists think of the naval laws and raise in taxes?

1898-1912

What year were the Naval laws passed?

History Germany 1890-1945 Chapter 1

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