MGMT 380 #2
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MGMT 380 #2 - Leaderboard
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| Sustainable Development – Background | Post-WWII Capitalism & Development Industrialization, modernization, economic growth. Increased employment in the West, Europe, parts of Asia. However, exacerbation of global inequalities: Widening gap between Global North & Global South. Poverty & income inequality. Environmental degradation. |
| Birth of the Environmental Movement | Key moments: The Limits to Growth (1972): Questioned infinite economic growth on a finite planet. UN Conference on the Human Environment (1972): Established links between economic growth, technology, and environmental impact. The Stockholm Declaration: Recognized environmental concerns. |
| Brundtland Commission & Report (1987) | Defined Sustainable Development as: “Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Key ideas: Sustainable Development – Meeting present needs without harming future generations. Key Idea – Environmental, social, and economic issues must be tackled together. Social Sustainability – Fighting poverty & inequality is essential for solving environmental problems. |
| The Earth Summit (1992) | UN Conference on Environment & Development. The Rio Declaration: Framework for sustainable policies. Business involvement started to grow. |
| Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) | Originated from the UN Millennium Declaration. Focused on reducing global poverty & improving social development. Effectiveness debated due to limited focus on environmental and economic sustainability. |
| What are the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? | Successor to MDGs. 17 goals addressing global challenges. Focus on people, planet, prosperity, peace, and partnerships. |
| Business as a Development "Agent" | Why involve businesses in SDGs? Innovation. Efficiency. Resources. Responsiveness. Key question: Can business truly help achieve SDGs, or will it be "business as usual" with more profits for some and missed opportunities for others? |
| : Business & the SDGs – Background | Rio+20 Summit (2012) introduced: Triple bottom line: People, Planet, Profit. Emphasis on environmental sustainability and inclusive economic growth. Recognition of non-material aspects of development. |
| Business & the SDGs – Role of Corporations | Industry leaders alongside governments & civil society. Western multinational corporations (MNCs) dominate, especially: Extractive industries (e.g., mining, oil). Technology, pharmaceuticals, food & beverage. Key themes: Voluntary corporate sustainability over strict regulations. Governments enabling business rather than enforcing rules. |
| Business as Development Agent (Blowfield & Dolan) | Shift from business as a development "tool" to business as a development "agent". Three criteria: Capital. Pro-poor primacy (prioritizing SDGs). Accountability. |
| Business & SDGs – Tensions & Limitations | Neoliberalism Dominance -Free-market capitalism, privatization, deregulation. -Sustainability framed as an economic growth strategy. -Soft measures (voluntary action) vs. systemic changes (regulation). Problems with Partnerships -Power imbalances between corporations, governments, and communities. -Different values, goals, and operational methods. Short-term Business Models vs. Long-term Sustainability -Businesses prioritize short-term profits. -Challenges in long-term investments in communities and workers' rights. Failure to Move Beyond the "Business Case" -Sustainability as a side benefit rather than a core goal. -Driven by competition, reputation management, supply chain risks. |
| Summary & Key Takeaways | Sustainable development movement emerged to fix economic, social, and environmental problems. Brundtland Report (1987) formalized the definition of sustainable development. UN SDGs (post-2015) popularized the triple bottom line. Business moved from a "tool" to an "agent" of sustainable development. While business has potential, tensions and contradictions remain. |