World Religon Hinduism
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| World Religion based on the Numbers | Christinaty:32% Islam 25% Hindu 15% Unafillted 15% Buddhism 6% Folk Religion 5.8% Judaism 0.2% |
| Hindu Historical Background | Sanskrit From Indus River Those who lived in indus valley,later for those who weren’t christian or muslim Oldest Religion to human kind No originator No Dateable begining Aryan invader it existed they practiced t |
| Historic Period of Hinduism | Aryan Religion:Sacrifice Vedic Era(veda and Upanishads):one reality Upanishadic period:mediation and philosophy Post Vedice Era:continuing growth of hinduism |
| How hindu got created from a hindu | 3,000 years ago India Collection Maintained the highest spirituality for forming deeds and social norm Attman four ways to get their |
| Hindu Creation? | Their is no single creation but periodics Starts with a snake and vishnu sports brama with a flower,can’t tell him to do create the world,meditaion The sacrum om splits lotus in 3 heaven,earth,sky Brama wants more species male and female for sons,half man and women create a calf,horse |
| Key Characterics of Hinduism | Assimilation:the process of which one group takes on the religious culture of another group Sycrentism:the blending of religious practices or cultures |
| Sacred Scripture | Shruti(heard):primary scripture,vedic scripture,dealing with cosmic and eternal principles Smruti(rembember):the great epics such as ramayand and mahabharata,particula application of eternal principles |
| Vedas | Foundation scripture of hindu Eternal truth from great Sages Classigication of vedas: Rig-general knowledge Yagur-knowlege of action Saam-knowlege of worship Atharva-Knowlege of science |
| Classification of Shruti | Mantra Braahmana Aaranyaka Upanishad |
| Upinshads | Metaphysical Discussion Encourage questions |
| Sin Specipic Periods | Panths Puranas Agamas Upavedas Darshanas Venangas Ithas Dharm Shastras |
| Sacred Writings | Vedas(oldest vast collection):Upanishads(philosphy) Ramayana:defines the laws of dharma and duties Mahabarata:13 volumes,longest epic,15 time longer then bible(bhagvad gita is most sacred) The laws of manu dealing with dharma Hindu epics basic of hindu religious |
| Ramayana | Love story sita and rama(king),contest to win for sita and string a giant bow he wins.12 years later and sir surpeans, he is exiled to the forest and with his bow demon,Ravana capture sita,monkey kingdom mourning his lover,hanuma monkey god flies to lanka and tells rama where he is,faitfulnes sita they live dharma. |
| Mahabharta | Bhadgavad gita main story Story of krishma(charioter/teach him/vishnu) and arjuna(prince) battle,wanting to understand human life and bases him on dilemma Dilema he has to fight in the battle both side are friends and family turns to krishnu. What should he do:follow the path of duty is to fight,go into battle and be a faithful solider no will be eternal slaying |
| Gitas Message | Life does not last neither does death We create meaning,by giving hape to emptiness Right and wrong Create our truth and let us define us |
| Krishna’s teaching | Birth and Death:Cetain things to happen Etenal soul:you have something is eternal all exist never die Look within:truth is within |
| Panthesim in Hinduism | God divinity in all things All things are part of the cosmic divine force |
| Brahamen(suprememe essence of the universal divine consciousness) | Oneness and absolute Brahman has no form Unkowable and supreme reality Only known through gods Non personal god Atman is one with brahman |
| Atman | The individual soul which keeps being reincarnated |
| Maya | Illusion:we are concious of the fact we are one brahaman |
| Samsara | To wonder aross the attman move along to one body from a next,endless cycle of reincarnation cycle |
| Moshka | Escape from samsara this going on release cycle |
| Karma | Law of consequence with this life and other Comic las of cause and effects Determines next incarnation |
| Enlightment | The process by which one may escape maya and discover one’s true ones and identity |
| Gods of Hinduism | Brahama(creator god,4 face,arms Shiva(god of destruction.cosmic dance,destroys and recrates life,wife is paravathi concert of kali,many women vishnu(preserver god,wife faithful lakshmi not faithful,god of love)10 incarnations |
| Avatars of Vishnu(incarnation) | Matsya Koorma Varaha Narasimha Vamana Rama Balarama Krishna Parsuruma Kalki |
| Krishna | Incarnation of vishnu Lover,practical trickster,playful Sensual lover Seducer of wives and daughters |
| What about Godesses | Devi-the feminine divine Parvati-divine mother wife of shava |
| Shatki | Female divine force Mother goddesses Every god has shakti Also worhsiped as devi |
| Lakshmi | Wife of vishnu Devoted wife Fertility and fortune goddess |
| Kali | Goddess uses her love to take away darknes and demonic forces and impurities Consorts of shiva |
| Rama | Ideal man Perfect son,brother,husband,friend and king Embodiment of dharma |
| Hanuman | Monkey deity head of monkey and body Shiva reincarnation fly Can be large or small Devoted to ram Worships on tuesday and sometime saturdays Power of devotion Story:rescuing sita by turning into mouse,saved the wounded should mokshwana flew he picked the mountain the herb |
| Ganesha | Told him to stay outside for a bath,shiva had been gone that ganesha didn’t recognize him he and in the battle caught his head of the next animal to elephant hair God of success,remove obstcacle Son of shiva and parviti Worship like cross your arms and he is funny |
| Gods are worshipped through representive | Variety:Devas(gods),devis(godess),minor deities(devatas) Guru:spirital teacher Monarch,family elders,cow,nature |
| Humans are manifest forms | Divine Spiritual being with human experience |
| Hindu Time | Time as endless cycles First world of peace and abudunc(brahama) Decays world,despite vishnu on human behalf Corrupt is destroyed by shiva,recration |
| Four yogas | Karma yoga:action through selfless service(releaseas karma) Juana yoga:path of knowledge(true nature,self) Raja yoga:mediation Bhakti yoga:devotion |
| Worship terms(temple or home) | Bhakti:devotion (to specific deity) Set a room for shin,then bath and incest Puja-worship(offering and rituals) Prasada-within divine your own eating food is blessed as eaten with divine |
| Shrine or deity in home | Image of deity,food,inense and offering at the shrine |
| Worship at a sacred image(murti) | Darsen(act of seeing the deity),interlocking great blessing 19th century refor movement opposed Darshan is core of worship at the temple |
| Daily Week Prayers | Sunday-sun god Monday-lord shiva Tuesday-lord hanuman Wednesday-lord krishna Thursday-lord dakshinamurthy Friday-godess lakshmi Saturday-lor balaji Everyday:gayatri mantra |
| HIndu practice arise from four traditions | Verdic tradition Ascetic tradition:monk and guru from indulgence Popular culture traditions:diets and astrology Devotion tradition:specific god |
| Death | Reincarnation Death only the body dies Atman livins in successive bodies until moska At death,cremated body Death is not final,reborn many times |
| Family life | Extend family-society 3 or 4 generation live together Women-donestic responsi;ies Men-income Elder-make decision Property father from son Men-decision old ladies influential Women join husband Hindu scripture defined Children are expected to repay them Marriage-social and religion obligation |
| Transcental mediation | Importance disciple for enlightment Maharishi Mahesh Yogi and beetles for a while,george became a hindu.bettle brought light Goal:Empty the mind ot thought Spirtual mediation i teach the same thing as jesus to be taught and still to be god human |
| Aum or om | Sacred symbol of brahman More primal then speech Divine oneness sybol |
| Yoga | Physical and mental discipl to achieve a state of spirital suprerconciusness Breathing exercise to center one with the self and with universe |
| Purity vs pollunts | Involves personal cleanliness Ritual bathing Affects worship and social cast Caste is lower if work involves pollutant Use right hand |
| Person purifcation | Vegiternian Respect for life and dead Reverence for animals What about doctor is saving dosen’t pollute Person worship:purfication of body Ganges river:sacred,cleanse soul,cures disease |
| Karma and caste system | Karma determine society Vedic hyme social order reflected on parusha |
| Four major castes or varna | Brahmins-priests and philosophers kshatriyas-nobilty ,warrior,vassal Vaishaya:farmer and merchants Shudras-manuel labors and aristians Dalit(untouchable-polluted) Women:identity as daughter,wife,mother casye Lighter upper |
| Festivals | Close to god and renew personal life Victory of godod over evil Each month has one festival and regional festival Maha kumb mela:largest,heavenly nectar lord vishnu drops four on different and the pilgrimage of four and they have 2013 had 110 million to bath,necter cleanse your lifetime 88 gejneration |
| Guru | Spiritual teacher,oral on veda Itnelte guru |
| Four stages of life | Celibate student stage,married householder,forest dweller(retirement),sanyas stage(renoucer begging liberation)pass only three |
| Folk Religon | Nature-sun festival worship Rivers to be sacred wash imputed Tress made into shrines as divine Images Holy human being-saint |
| Rites of passage | 16 Change a person identity Purify the soul Ritual of sacred thread to a boy to man gives eating with women |
| India | Town to cities,nuclear family gaining Middle class |
| Valuable insights from hinduism | Respect for life and nature Virtue:restraint,genorosity,compassion Worth extended family Devotion to religious practice Diversity and complexity karma(extends next incarnation) Life is a journey seeing spiritual truth High ethic standards and practice(vamas and niyamas |
| Hindu tolerance | They believe all religions are the same Tolerant Hindu rituals are different addictive,fear of god Prabhupada deathbed confession:fallen short he is divine of sinfulness and our guilt |
| Christian exclusive | 1 savior Sin and its affect Cross and christ atonement Faith in chritst alone as savior |
| Major difference with christanity | Panthestic not theistic Escape rather then fullfillment Lacks grace or atonement,a religion of human works All relgion are pathawy to god and salvation Sycrentism many ideas View of death (reincanation) Christan faith facts of sin,c ross and resurction 2nd coming |
| Hindu Creation myth | Brahama is the universe is we live in,life forms 8.3 billion human year Universe created out of from his body |
| The three das(main virtues) | Damayata(restraint and self control), datta(genorsity) and dayyadvhum(compassion) |
| The 20 ethical guidlines | Yamas(don’t):No harming others,no decieving,stealing,no lust,no impatient,no wavering fom goals,no cruel,no dishonest,no intemperate,no impure Niyamas(do):Remorse,content,genorous,cultivate faith,devotion,scripture,spirtual will and intellect,honor religious vows,holy mantra,auserity and self deniel |
| Chanting of Om | Sound of brahman or close verbal expression of brahman Those who chant will be freed from karma Esscence Rig:Speech, Sam:breath,Udgitha:syllabal After threefold knowledge and threefold sacrafice |
| Karma | We are affected from prior deeds Work of self Man get’s life to be what fated is |
| Universal Self | Only self what should i fear? Create men and women Worship self for brahman No worshiping other deity |
| Historically Hindu | Dravidiana culture earlier hindu practices Aryans brought vedas |
| Vedic Religion | Sacrafice Drank soma the medicine of immortality Manta linking heaven and earth Agni the god of fire is link between heaven and earch Shiva trident represent threefold quantity First sound of creation om Cult of shiva:pati(god),pasu(indivual soul),pasa(bonds tha confine to soul to earthly existence),yoga and renicarniation many hold ma |
| Mother Godess (Mahadevi) | Encompass many small dietties Argiculture and Fertility Texts in Tantra |