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level: Hearing

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Hearing

Question	Answer
interpreted by brain as frequency or pitch (high, medium, or low)	Wavelengths
interpreted as volume (loud-soft)	amplitude
timbre. richness in tone or sound	purity
unit of measurement for loudness	decibels
cycles of waves per second, a measurement of frequency	hertz
visible part of ear, funnels sound waves	pinna
either of the passages in the outer ear from the auricle to the tympanic membrane	auditory canal
the membrane in the ear that vibrates to sound (eardrum)	tympanic membrane
pinna, auditory canal, eardrum	Outer ear consists of
hammer, anvil, stirrup	Middle ear consists of
3 tiny bones in middle ear- hammer, anvil, stirrup	ossicles
,malleus	Hammer
Incus	Anvil
stapes. causes membrane covering opening of inner ear to vibrate	Stirrup
oval window, cochlea, basilear membrane, organ of Corti, auditory nerve	Inner ear consists of
membrane that's vibrations set off another chain reaction in inner ear	Oval window
the snail-shaped tube (in the inner ear coiled around the modiolus) where sound vibrations are converted into nerve impulses by the organ of Corti	cochlea
a membrane in the cochlea that supports the organ of Corti	basilar membrane
the hearing organ of the inner ear; contains receptors that respond to sound waves	organ of Corti
a composite sensory nerve supplying the hair cells of the vestibular organ and the hair cells of the cochlea	auditory nerve
theory that pitches are experienced by the stimulation of hair cells in different locations of organ of Corti (explains moderate-high pitches)	place theory
pitch is related to speed of vibrations in basilar membrane (explains low pitch)	frequency theory
states that frequencies from about 400Hz to 4000Hz cause the hair cells (auditory neurons) to fire in a volley pattern/take turns firing	volley principle
problems with mechanics of outer or middle ear, sound vibrations cannot be passed from eardrum to cochlea. Hearing aid.	conductive hearing impairment
problem with inner ear or auditory pathways and cortical areas of brain. Normal aging, exposure to loud noises. No hearing aids, cochlear implant	nerve hearing impairment