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level: Ch. 1-6

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Ch. 1-6

Question	Answer
If you remove electrons from an atom, will you create a positive ion or a negative ion	positive
What is homeostasis	Maintaining a stable internal state
Is pulling your hand away from a hot stove positive feedback or negative feedback?	Negative
Is sweating on a hot day positive feedback or negative feedback	Negative
What maintains homeostasis, positive feedback or negative feedback	Negative
The following that can be found in the nucleus of an atom	proton neutron
Has a negative charge	Electrons
The chemical symbol for calcium	Ca
What is the chemical symbol for carbon	C
What is the chemical symbol for sodium	Na
What is the chemical symbol for potassium	K
What is the chemical symbol for hydrogen	H
Best describes an ionic bond	magnetic attraction between two atoms with opposite charges
Best describes a hydrogen bond	weak bond between negative end of one molecule and positive end of another
Would you expect a hydrogen bond to occur between polar or non-polar molecules	polar
Which would you expect to have a higher heat of vaporization, a polar molecule or a non-polar molecule	polar
Which would you expect to dissolve more easily in water, a polar molecule or a non-polar molecule	polar
Which would you expect to dissolve more easily in water, a hydrophilic molecule or a hydrophobic molecule	hydrophilic
pH is a measure of the concentration of what specific substance	hydrogen ions (H+)
What pH is neutral	7
Is a pH of 2 acidic or basic	acidic
If the pH of a substance drops from 2 to 1, are you adding or removing the substance	adding
Which has less salt in it, a hypertonic solution or a hypotonic solution	hypotonic
What term describes two solutions of equal concentration	isotonic
If you put cells in a really salty solution (much saltier than the cell), would you expect the cells to swell, shrink, or stay the same	shrink
If you put a cell that is 88% water and 12% stuff in a solution that is 90% water and 10% salt, is the cell hypertonic or hypotonic to the solution? Will water enter or leave the cell?	cell is hypertonic, water will enter
Is diffusion active or passive	passive
Does diffusion move things from high to low concentration, or low to high, or can it move things in either direction?	high to low
Does active transport move things from high to low concentration, or low to high, or can it move things in either direction?	low to high
Are used to make proteins?	amino acids
Which of these are used to make carbohydrates	saccharides
Which of these is the primary molecule in plasma membranes	phospholipid
Long, whip-like tail	Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Structure where proteins are first made	ribosomes
Storage structure holding digestive enzymes or other dangerous substances	lysosome
Structure that produces most energy for the cell	mitochondria
Holds most of the DNA	Nucleus
Holds a small additional amount of DNA	mitochondria
Organelle that helps with detoxification and makes lipids:	smooth endoplasmic reticulum
liquid filling most of a cell’s interior	Cytoplasm
small, hair-like structures covering a cell’s exterior	cilia
the four kinds of tissue in the human body	nervous, epithelial, muscle, connective
the four always includes an extracellular matrix	connective
Which of the four includes bone	connective
Which of the four includes blood	connective
Membranes are a combination of which of the two types of tissue	Connective & epithelial
What kind of membrane would you find in skin	cutaneous
What kind of membrane covers internal organs	serous
What kind of membrane lines opening to the bodies like your nose, mouth, and throat	mucous
Does a simple tissue have one layer of cells or more than one layer, or is it impossible to tell	One Layer
Is smooth muscle striated or not striated	Not striated
Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary	involuntary
Is cardiac muscle striated or not striated	striated
Is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary	involuntary
Which layer of the skin is composed mainly of dead and dying cells, dermis, epidermis, or both	epidermis
Which layer of the skin holds blood vessels, nerves, and hair follicles, dermis, epidermis or both	Dermis
Which layers of skin is damaged in 1st degree burns, dermis, epidermis, or both	epidermis
Which vitamin is activated using sunlight	Vitamin D
What is the function of melanin	Protects against UV light
What do sudiferous glands produce	sweat
What do sebaceous glands produce	oil
What do mammary glands produce	milk
Which of these is a symptom of rickets	soft bones
Please name one-way UV can damage your skin.	wrinkles
What is a catalyst	anything that speeds up a reaction
an example of a catalyst	metals
Which produces more ATP during aerobic respiration, a gram of glucose or a gram of fat	fat
What is thermoregulation	Controlling temperature
describes a substrate	A molecule acted upon by an enzyme
What does the lock and key hypothesis describe	Why enzymes only work on certain molecules
What is the key in the lock and key hypothesis	substrate
What is the lock in the lock and key hypothesis	active site of enzyme
Which of the four covers and protects as one of its main functions	epithelium