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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
Transports oxygen, nutrients, and cell wastes.	CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Breaks down foods into a form the body can use.	Digestive System
Controls internal conditions, growth, development, and reproduction.	Endocrine System
Removes wastes from the blood.	Excretory System
Defends the body against pathogens.	Immune System
Allows body movement and movement of substances within the body.	Muscular System
Controls body movement, thought, and behavior.	Nervous System
Produces sex cells and offspring.	Reproductive System
Provides the body with oxygen and removes gas wastes from the blood.	Respiratory System
Provides body protection and support; interacts with muscles to allow movement.	Skeletal System
Thin, tough, outer covering on the surface of the bone.	Living Tissue
Carry blood which supplies materials that bone cells need. Blood also removes wastes that bone cells produce.	Blood Vessels
Hardest material in the human body, except for tooth enamel. It is made up of "bony tubes." This structure is very strong.	Compact Bone
Makes the bone lightweight. It is thickest near joints.	Spongy Bone Tissue
In the spongy bone tissue of the long arm and leg bones makes new red blood cells.	Red Marrow
Stores fat in the center cavity of long bones.	Yellow Marrow
Muscle tissue in the heart. Found nowhere else in the body. This type of muscle can contract time after time without getting tired.	Cardiac Muscle
Found in organs of the digestive system and blood vessels. They are involuntary muscles, they work automatically to control movements inside your body.	Smooth Muscle
Voluntary muscles are the only responsible muscles for the movements of your body. Bones and this type of muscle work together to make your body move. Pairs of muscles attach to opposite sides of a bone near a joint. When one muscle contracts and pulls the bone, the opposite muscle relaxes. Movement results in the direction of the pulling muscle. Muscles never push on bones to cause movement.	Skeletal Muscle
Units used to measure forces.	Newtons
How can forces be measured?	Using a spring scale.
What is the force needed to change the speed of a one-kilogram object by one meter per second each second?	One Newton.
Resists the motion of a rolling object.	Rolling Friction
Resists the motion of a sliding object.	Sliding Friction
Resists the motion of an object just as it begins to move.	Static Friction
When the forces pulling or pushing one way are stronger than the forces pulling or pushing in the opposite direction. These types of forces can cause an object at rest to move, they can also change the speed or direction of a moving object.	Unbalanced Forces
When the forces pulling or pushing on opposite sides are the same. These types of forces cause no change in motion, even if an object is moving.	Balanced Forces
The force that pulls all objects on Earth towards its center.	Gravity
Force of attraction between any object and every other object in the universe. The greater the mass of an object, the stronger this force. If the distance between objects increases, the pull between them decreases.	Gravitational Force
Takes place around a central point, with an object revolving around it.	Circular Motion
Objects move in a straight line.	Straight-line Motion
A rapid back-and-forth movement.	Vibrational Motion
How to calculate speed?	Dividing the time traveled by the time needed to move that distance.
How to calculate acceleration?	Dividing the force tha's being applied to the subject by the mass of it.
An object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion at a constant speed and in a straight line, unless acted on by an unbalanced force.	First Law of Motion
The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the size of the net force applied.	Second Law of Motion
When a force is applied to an object, the object exerts an equal force in the opposite direction.	Third Law of Motion
The ability to cause change or to do work. Is a property of all matter.	ENERGY
The mechanical energy of a moving object.	KINETIC ENERGY
The mechanical energy due to position.	POTENTIAL ENERGY
Stored in the bonds between atoms.	CHEMICAL ENERGY
Stored in the nucleus of an atom.	NUCLEAR ENERGY
Moves from one object to another as heat.	THERMAL ENERGY
Results from the movement of electrons.	ELECTRICAL ENERGY
All forms of energy can be converted into another, for example, the Sun's nuclear energy changes to radiant energy that travels through space to Earth. The leaves of an orange tree take in this radiant energy. During photosynthesis the leaves change the radiant energy to chemical energy stored in the plant's cells. When you drink the orange juice, you take in this stored chemical energy. Your body changes some of the chemical energy to thermal energy to keep you warm. Some thermal energy is lost to the air as heat. You change chemical energy to kinetic energy as you move around.	ENERGY CHANGES
Energy is never lost completely, it only changes form. For example, If you drop a rubber ball onto a hard floor, the ball bounces a few times and then stops. Each bounce is lower than the one before it because the ball loses some energy as heat and sound. The energy lost from the ball is gained by the floor and the air. The same happens with mass, matter cannot be created or destroyed. Scientist then discovered that energy and matter can be changed into each other under extraordinary conditions. For example, nuclear energy results when matter changes to energy. Because of this new evidence, scientist developed a new law that states that the total amount of matter and energy does not change.	LAWS OF CONSERVATION OF MASS AND ENERGY
A flow of electric charge in a material	ELECTRIC CURRENT
A closed path along which current can flow	ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
The space around a magnet in which the magnet can exert a force on other magnets. It is strongest at the poles. Magnets attract or repel because of these.	MAGNETIC FIELD
A large number of atoms with their magnetic fields pointing in the same direction.	MAGNETIC DOMAIN
All electric charges are surrounded by an electric field if the charges are moving. If the charges are moving, they are also surrounded by a magnetic field.	ELECTROMAGNETISM
A device that changes electrical energy to kinetic energy.	ELECTRIC MOTOR
A device that changes mechanical energy into electrical energy.	GENERATORS
When these waves move through matter they cause it to move in a direction different than the wave moves.	Transverse Wave
When these waves move through matter they cause it to move in the same direction than the wave moves.	Compressional Wave
The amount of light that passes through a material depends on the type of material. Almost all light passes through transparent materials, such as clear glass and water. Opaque material don't allow any light that strikes them to plass through, instead they absorb it, like wood, rocks and metals.	Absorption of light
Change in the direction of light when it moves from one material to another	Refraction
The bouncing of light rays off the surface of a material.	Reflection