| What were the companies involved with building the TCRR | Union Pacific builds West, led by Durant
Central Pacific builds East, led by the big 4 (Huntington, Crocker, Hopkins, Stanford) |
| When was the TCRR completed? | 1869 |
| Which two discriminated races helped build the TCRR? | Irish and Chinese |
| What was the Dawes Act? | authorized the President of the United States to subdivide Native American tribal Lands in Severalty to Indians on the Various Reservations |
| What is the 15th Amendment? | Granted Black men the right to vote |
| What was the 14th Amendment? | Granted citizenship to any person born in the US, also gave equal legal rights to Blacks (Open to interpretation in the South) |
| what was the Freedmen's Bureau? | provided food, housing and medical aid, established schools and offered legal assistance to former slaves and poor whites in the south |
| What tribe and how many tribe members were associated with wounded knee? | The Lakota tribe, 300 |
| Why did the Elders of the Lakota tribe decide to leave the reservation they were placed on? | They were not supplied enough food and winter was coming. |
| What happens to the Lakota tribe when the military find the fleeing Lakota tribe? | They military searches the tribe for weapons, miscommunication leads to the death of 250 Lakota members. |
| What does the publication of wounded knee begin? | Sympathy is felt by the public and Native children begin to be taken from their parents and brought to schools to transform them. |
| Where and what was Homestead? | Outside of Pittsburgh, a union town of steel mill workers, who worked for Carnegie |
| What was the start of the Homestead strike? | 4-5,000 workers went on strike |
| What happens to the 300 Pinkerton detectives Carnegie sends to Homestead? | The strikers light the river on fire and stop the Pinkerton detectives |
| What was Carnagie's last option to end the Homestead Strike? | Carnegie calls the governor who sends 10,000 national guards, the strikers are all fired and replaced. |
| What were the Knights of Labor? (KOL) | A union who strive for equal pay, the eight hour work day and to end child labor. |
| What was the purpose of the American Federation of Labor? (AFL) | organize skilled workers into national unions consisting of others in the same trade. Their purpose was not political, and aimed simply at shorter hours, higher wages, and better working conditions. |
| who was John D Rockefeller? | Was the founder of the Standard Oil Company, he dominated the oil industry |
| What was the Triangle shirtwaist factory fire? | factory in New York City burned, killing 145 workers. It is remembered as one of the most infamous incidents in American industrial history, bad conditions is what killed so many |
| What were the reasons for U.S. imperialism? | Manifest destiny, Military expansion, more land all equal more power.
Europe was also expanding into Africa at the time. |
| What is Manifest Destiny? | The belief that the expansion of the U.S. was both justified and inevitable. |
| What is Social Darwinism? | The belief that more successful races and people have just evolved quicker, common to natural selection. |
| What was the business mans revolt | plotting to create a fascist veterans' organization with Butler as its leader and use it in a coup d'état to overthrow President Franklin D. |
| Election of 1876 | Republican nominee Rutherford B. Hayes faced Democrat Samuel J. Tilden. After a controversial post-election process, Hayes was declared the winner. ... After a first count of votes, Tilden won 184 electoral votes to Hayes' 165, with 20 votes from four states unresolved. |
| What was the grange? | organization in the United States that encourages families to band together to promote the economic and political well-being of the community and agriculture. |
| Who was Jane Addams? | A woman who went to college, and after created a successful settlement house called the Hull house in Chicago, spread 2 city blocks |
| Booker T. Washington believed.. | for blacks to be successful in the American society they had to start from the beginning and work their way up in all aspects of life. “It is at the bottom of life we must begin” (Booker T. Washington’s Atlanta Compromise). |
| What was the Jungle? | The Jungle is a 1906 novel to portray the harsh conditions and exploited lives of immigrants in the United States |
| Who was the Jungle written by and when? | Upton Sinclair, 1906 |
| What was the Platt amendment? | The U.S. giving Cuba independence under the terms that Cuba would have to ask permission before making decisions, the U.S. would have a military base as well and military presence (Guantanamo bay) |
| who was Frederick Taylor | American mechanical engineer who sought to improve industrial efficiency. He was one of the first management consultants |
| Who was Andrew Johnson? | The president to take over after Lincolns death, was also impeached |
| What political party did Andrew Johnson represent? | Democrat (South) |
| What did carpetbagger mean? | A derogatory term used by former confederates to describe northerners who came to the south after the war to get rich and exploit business |
| What was the main employment of beginning Chinese immigrants | Working on the TCRR |
| Who of the Chinese immigrated at first and why? | 90% male, looking for work. |
| Why and where does hostility towards Chinese abrupt? | The Chinese woman begin to move into the U.S., Mainly San Francisco |
| What did the government do about the anti Chinese movement? | The government passed the Chinese Exclusion act which was supposed to be 10 years but ends up going from 1882 - 1942 |
| What was Buffalo Bill Cody known for? | rode on the Pony Express at the age of 14, fought in the American Civil War, served as a scout for the Army, |
| What was the Pony express? | a mail service delivering messages, newspapers, and mail using relays of horse-mounted riders that operated between Missouri and California 1860-1861 |
| who was Frederick Jackson Turner? | historian based at the University of Wisconsin until 1910, and then at Harvard. He was known primarily for his “Frontier Thesis.” He trained many PhDs who became well-known historians. |
| Who was Alice Paul? | Woman's rights activist who was trained by rowdy suffragettes in England and brought those values to the U.S. Led the Hunger strikes in prison to show Wilson the importance of human rights, critical figure in the woman's right to vote movement. |
| What was the sand creek massacre? | 1864, peaceful Southern Cheyenne and Arapahoe Indians are massacred by a band of Colonel John Chivington's Colorado volunteers |
| Who was William Jennings Bryan? | American orator and politician from Nebraska. emerged as a dominant force in the Democratic Party, running three times as the party's nominee for President |
| What was Horatio Alger known for? | known for his many formulaic juvenile novels about impoverished boys and their rise from humble backgrounds to lives of respectable middle-class |
| What was the Pullman Strike? | Railroad strike in 1894, turning point for labor laws, stopped U.S. postal service |
| What were the Pankhursts? | Woman's sufferage movement in England, used militant action |
| Who was Ida B. Wells? | African American femenist who led an anti-lynching campaign in the 1890's |
| What was How The Other Half Lives about? | the squalid living conditions in New York City slums in the 1880s |
| What was Jacob Riis known for? | wrote how the other half lives |
| What was Florence Kelley known for? | worked against sweatshops and for the minimum wage, eight-hour workdays, and children's rights |
| Who was Alfred T. Mahan? | naval officer and historian who was a highly influential exponent of sea power |
| What were tenements? | Poorly made apartment style living buildings in the slums of cities |
| Who often lived in tenements? | Working class immigrants, many lived together in close quarters |
| What was yellow journalism? | News that was exaggerated and had little backup or research behind it |
| Why did the U.S. have a war against the Philippines? | The U.S. acquired this country which was at war with Spain, after beating Spain in the Spanish american war |
| What was the outcome of the war in the Phillipines? | Many Americans died and made the Philippines a territory |
| What was a muckraker? | reform-minded journalists in the Progressive Era in the United States who exposed established institutions and leaders as corrupt |
| What were Settlement Houses? | organizations that provided support services to the urban poor and European immigrants, often including education, healthcare, childcare, and employment |
