| gonads | testes and ovaries |
| produce sex cells | gametes |
| secrete steroid sex hormones | androgens(males) estrogens and progesterone (females) |
| male gametes | spermatozoan |
| male gonads | testis |
| male ducts | seminiferous tubules,epidimymis,vas deferens , ejaculatory duct, prostetic membranous and penile urethra |
| male glands | seminal vescle, prostate gland, bulbourethral glans |
| male external genitalia | penis, scrotum |
| male sex hormones | testosterone |
| the scrotum temp is | 3 degress celcsius lower that core body temp, temp neccessary for sperm production |
| testes are surrounded by what two tunics | tunica vaginalis(peritoneum) & albuginea (fibrous capsule) |
| sperms travers from seminiferous tubles through | straight tubules, rete testis, efferent ducts, epididymis,vas deferens |
| spermatic cord houses | blood vessels, nerves, and lymoh vessels |
| epididymis head | contains the efferent ductules |
| ductus deferens passes through | inguinal canal |
| ductus deferens expands | to form ampulla |
| ductus deferens joins the.....to form...... | seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct |
| vasectomy | cutting and ligating the ductus deferens |
| penis ..... urethra | spongy |
| penis type of tissue | erectile tissue (spongy connective tissue & smooth muscle w/ vascular spaces) |
| corpus spongiosum | surrounds urethra and expands to form glans and buls |
| corpora cavernosa | paried dorsal erectile bodies |
| prepuce | foreskin |
| urethra has three regions | porstatic urethra, membranous urethra, spongy(penile)urethra |
| seminal vesicles has | 70% of volume of semen |
| duct of seminal vesicle joins the.....to form.... | ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct |
| encircles part of the urehtra inferior to the bladder is what | prostate |
| prostate conatins | prostate specific antigen(PSA) |
| prostate plays what role | activation of sperm |
| pea-sized glands inferior to prostate is what | bulbourethral glands(coupers glands) |
| bulbourethral glands(coupers glands) lubricates | glans penis |
| bulbourethral glands(coupers glands) neutralizes | traces of acidic urine in urethra |
| only how much of semen is ejaculated, conatining how much sperm | 2-5ml , 20-150 million sperm/ml |
| parasympathetic response to erection | enlargement and stiffening of penis from engorgement of erectile tissue w/ blood |
| ejaculation is | propulsion of semen from male duct system |
| what causes propulsion of semen from male duct system | sympathetic spinal reflex |
| spermatogenesis is and when does it start | production of sperm in seminiferous tubles of testes, puberty |
| most body cells in spermatogenesis are | diploid (2n)and contain 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes |
| what are haploid cells and what does it comtain | gametes, 23 chromosomes |
| what are mitiosis and what undergos is forming what | germ cells , spermatogonia forming primary spermatocytes |
| meiosis 1 | primary spermatocytes forming secondary spermatocytes |
| meiosis 2 | secondary spermatocytes forming spermatids |
| spermiogenesis | process of spermatids change to become spermatozoans (sperm) |
| sertoli cells (sustentacular) | large supporting cells |
| role of sustentacular cells | secrete testicular fluid into lumen for transport of sperm
prevent sperm antigens from escaping into blood
tight junction form blood testies barrier |
| basal compartment | spermatogonia and primary spermatpcytes |
| adluminal compartment | meiotically active cells and tubule lumen |
