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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
‘Leaf’ by William Fox Talbot, 1839	What and by who was the first widely recognised photograph?
Photograph invented through a ‘pluralism of events and coincidences, not a decisive historical moment’	What did Geoffrey Batchen say in 1997 about photograph?
Greek, ‘Phos’ (light) ‘graphos’ (writing) thereby freezing time and motion	Where does the term ‘photograph come from and what is the meaning?
A photograph, is a capturing of time	What is a photograph?
c1550s (early 19th Century)	When was camera obscure popularised?
Daguerre and Fox Talbot started experimenting with techniques during 1830s Photographic societies develop and grow in 1850s	What are the next two moments in the timeline of the popularity of the camera?
1888 George Eastman and Kodak produce an affordable model of camera 1903 Daily Mirror launched with a commitment to more visually rich news stories 1930s popular success of photojournalism magazines like “life’ and “picture post’	What are the 3 key moments of the development of the camera?
Walter Benjamin, The mass production of photography deprives the original (including artworks) of their authentic ‘aura’ He basically says that the work of art is unique but when it is mass produces it takes that away from it	Who wrote the book ‘influential’ in 1996 and what were his thoughts on mass production of photography?
The study of signs and symbols.	Define semiotics
Denotation: the literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests. "beyond their immediate denotation, the words have a connotative power” Connotation: an idea or feeling which a word invokes for a person in addition to its literal or primary meaning. Connotation is like the meaning what could you read from it but the denotation is what it is more literally.	What terms is Roland Barthes associated with / wrote about, and define them.
Taking pictures is to violate someone, by seeing them in a way they ever see themselves, turns them into objects, photography is framing, you can't see context. Argues that when you take a photo of someone you take them prisoner.	What did the 1977 book by American Cultural critic?
‘Documentary images can appear in advertisements, amateur photographs and videotapes can become news images, and news images are incorporated into art works. Each change in context produces a change in meaning. The capacity of images to affect us as viewers and consumers is dependent on the larger cultural meanings they invoke and the social, political, and cultural contexts in which they are viewed. Their meanings lie not within their image elements alone, but are acquired when they are ‘consumed’, viewed and interpreted. The meanings of each image are multiple; they are created each time it is viewed’	What did Sturken & Cartwright say about photography in 2001?
two-dimensional, staged, colour, tone, frame, angle, illusion, focal point, symbolism, juxtaposition.	Name 6 ways photography is different to the naked eye
Documentary: family, portraiture, snapshots, celebrations News: Capturing and preserving the moment Iconic: The image as a celebrity icon and or art form Propaganda: Persuasive images An image can hold more than one of these purposes.	Name 4 types of image
Richard Billingham: wanted to paint his parents but they kept moving so he took a picture instead, he made very colourful pictures.	Who created the first colour image?