| risk factors of cardiovascular disease | carbohydrate intolerance, lack of exercise, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, heredity |
| The structure that supplies blood to the left ventricle, the interventricular septum, and the heart's conduction system is the | left coronary artery. |
| Which of the following factors would predispose a patient to acute pulmonary embolism | recent hip surgery, thrombophlebitis, atrial fibrillation, recent childbirth. |
| Proper pad placement for defibrillation is: | right of the upper sternum and left in an anterior axillary line over the apex of the heart |
| They bring you a 19 yof who has been hit in the face with a cricket bat. Her face is a mess but worst of all her eye is hanging out of the socket. You should | Cover with a moist, sterile dressing and a paper cup |
| to determine if a patient is breathing, a paramedic should | look, listen, feel |
| The chief complaint is best derived from: | The patient, either verbally or nonverbally |
| A condition in which an area of lung tissue is appropriately ventilated but no capillary perfusion occurs is called __________. This results in no oxygen being moved into the circulatory system | Pulmonary shunting |
| Julia is a long time smoker and has developed chronic bronchitis., Your partner notes a drop in blood pressure from 162/84 to 148/62 when she takes a deep breath. This MOST likely suggests | pulsus paradoxus. |
| The carpopedal spasms that occur as a result of hyperventilation syndrome are due to | hypocalcemia |
| Nasopharyngeal airways should NOT be used in the presence of | basilar skull fracture |
| Which oxygen delivery device supplies the highest concentration of oxygen | nonrebreather mask |
| Vehicle collision | check auto deformity for strength of impact |
| Body collision | if there is intrusion into the passenger compartment the injuries can worsen |
| Organ collision | organs may twist and decelerate & tear at their attachment |
| Secondary collision | objects travelling within the compartment |
| Additional impacts | deflection into other cars may worsen injuries from initial impact |
| What is the most common type of impact | Frontal |
| what are the path-ways that occur in frontal impacts | down and under or up and over or ejection |
| the following is a good reason for using an MDI or nebulizer | 1. less medication is needed because it reaches the exact site of action
2. the lower dosage means less chance of side effects
3. if there are any side effects, discontinuing the drug is easy |
| the following is TRUE regarding the elderly | 2. renal output decreases
4. serum albumin decreases
5. total body water decreases |
| Naloxone is an opioid | antagonist |
| The paramedic's chief concern with patients taking sildenafil (Viagra) is: | profound hypotension |
| In times of crisis, fear or anxiety which branches of the nervous system generally takes over? | sympathetic nervous system |
| After receiving morphine, a patient may require larger-than-average doses of Oxycodon, another analgesic, to obtain the same efficacy that the Oxycodone alone would produce. This phenomenon is known as: | Cross tolerance |
| 18The pharmacological effects of administering insulin to a hyperglycemic patient is an example of increased: | carrier-mediated diffusion |
| Teratogenesis refers to the | effects of a drug on the developing fetus. |
| The narcotic nalbuphine (Nubain) not only binds to opiate receptor sites to provide analgesia, it prevents other opioids, such as morphine sulfate, from binding to these sites, lessening respiratory depression. These characteristics make the drug a ? | agonist-antagonist |
| Which classification of drugs affecting the autonomic nervous system would be best suited to treat a patient with spinal shock | Alpha agonist |
| A beta2 specific agonist causes which of the following physiologic responses | Bronchodilation |
| agonist | a drug the binds to a receptor and causes it to initiate the expected response |
| antagonist | a drug the binds to a receptor but does not cause it to initiate the expected response |
| agonist-antagonist | a drug that binds to a receptor and stimulates some of its effects but blocks others |
| anaglesic | a drug that relieves the sensation of pain |
| Pharmacokinetics | how drugs are transported into and out of the body |
| Pharmacodynamics | how a drug interacts with the body to cause its effects |
