| About ____ (25%/50%) of all hospital admissions are related to a mental health problem. | 50% |
| Digitalis, ipecac, alcohol, and opium were used to treat _________ in the 1800s. | mental illness |
| Exposure to malaria, injection of enough insulin to cause convulsions or coma, and electroshock therapy were used to treat ___________ before WWII. | schizophrenia |
| Symptoms of neurosis include | anxiety, anxiousness, and tension, a feeling of apprehension with vague fears |
| antianxiety drugs are also known as | anxiolytic drugs or minor tranquilizer drugs |
| Minor tranquilizer drugs are __________ (related/unrelated) to major tranquilizer drugs. | unrelated |
| GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is a neurotransmitter that affects | emotional behavior |
| Benzodiazepine antianxiety drugs treat neurosis and anxiety by | enhancing the effect of GABA |
| Benzodiazepine drugs produce sedation and | affect the spinal cord by decreasing muscle tension |
| Valium (diazepam) and Xanax (alprazolam) are _________ drugs used to treat anxiety. | benzodiazepine |
| These endings are common to generic benzodiazepine drugs | -azolam, -azepoxide, -azepate, and -azepam |
| BuSpar and Miltown are antianxiety drugs that work by | stimulating serotonin and dopamine receptors in the thalamus and limbic system |
| Social anxiety disorder is best treated with ______ and ______ antidepressants | SSRI and SNRI |
| Panic disorder is best treated with these 2 benzodiazepine drugs. | Xanax and Klonopin |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder is best treated with ________ and ________ drugs. | SSRI antidepressants, antipsychotic drugs |
| Delusions, hallucinations, inappropriate mood, and bizarre behaviors are all symptoms of | psychosis |
| Psychotic symptoms are caused by an ________ (increased/decreased) effect of dopamine in the brain. | increased |
| The most common form of psychosis is | schizophrenia |
| Antipsychotic drugs are also known as | neuroleptic or major tranquilizer drugs |
| Antipsychotic drugs work by | blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, including the limbic system. |
| Antipsychotic drugs _____ (are/are not) schedule drugs. | are not (so they are not addictive) |
| Phenothiazine drugs used to treat psychosis are _________ (older/younger) drugs. | older drugs |
| This ending is common to phenothiazine drugs | -azine |
| Dibenzapine and benzisoxazole antipsychotic drugs work by blocking _______ and ________ receptors in the brain. | dopamine and serotonin |
| Zyprexa (olanzapine) is used to treat psychosis, schizophrenia, and | manic-depressive disorder |
| This trade name drug dissolves in the mouth within 5 to 15 seconds. | Zyprexa zydis |
| Antipsychotic drugs _______ (have/do not have) many side effects. | have (which may cause patients to stop taking them) |
| Phenothiazine antipsychotic drugs treat psychosis by blocking there receptors in the brain | norepeinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, histamine, and serotonin |
| Aripiprazole (Abilify) is an antipsychotic drug used to treat psychosis and schizophrenia, particularly in cases where | there is a loss of touch of reality |
| Extrapyramidal side effects refers to side effects from | antipsychotic drugs, particularly phenothiazine drugs |
| Extrapyramidal side effects include | tremors, Parkinson's-like symptoms, tardive dyskinesia, and athetoid (writing) movements of arms, legs, and fingers |
| tardive means | late, referring to the fact that symptoms of antipsychotic drugs don't start to later after treatment starts |
| Depression is caused by lowered levels of ________ and ________ in the brain. | norepinephrine, serotonin |
| This category of drugs was originally used to treat depression, but it has been discontinued as use to treat depression because of high potential for abuse. | amphetamine drugs |
| MAO inhibitor drugs were discovered to be helpful for elevating mood while it was being used to evaluate using it for treatment of | tuberculosis |
| MAO inhibitor drugs were discovered to be helpful for elevating mood while it was being used to evaluate using it for treatment of | tuberculosis |
| MAO inhibitor drugs were discovered to be helpful for elevating mood while it was being used to evaluate using it for treatment of | tuberculosis |
| TCA stands for | tricyclic antidepressant drugs |
| Tricyclic antidepressants get their name from | the triple-ring configuration of their chemical structure |
| Tricyclic antidepressants treat depression by | blocking reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, and by increasing sensitivity of receptors in the brain to serotonin and norepinephrine |
| Inhibiting acetylcholine is the cause of these side effects of tricyclic antidepressant drugs | dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention |
| These endings are common to generic tricyclic antidepressants | -ipramine and -triptyline |
| Tetracyclic antidepressant drugs treat depression by | blocking reuptake of norepinephrine |
| These type of antidepressants increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and suicidal behavior in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder. | tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants |
| Another name for serotonin is | 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) |
| SSRI drugs do not affect ________ or _________, so they don't have the side effects of tricyclic drugs. | histamine, acetylcholine |
| These endings are common to generic SSRI antidepressants | -citalopram, -oxamine, and -oxetine |
| 2 trade names of fluoxetine are | Prozac and Sarafem |
