You are in browse mode. You must login to use MEMORY

level: Anaesthesia

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Anaesthesia

Question	Answer
What is an epidural?	An injection of local anaesthesia into the vertebral canal outside the dura mater
What type of anaesthetic is given to horses having anal/perineal surgery?	Epidural
An infusion around a nerve when its exact location is known, is known as what?	Peri-neural infiltration
What organ maintains homeostasis?	The brain
What nervous system causes the bladder muscle to contract?	Parasympathetic
Fight or Flight is also known as?	Sympathetic nervous system
The parasympathetic ns needs what neurotransmitter?	Acetylcholine
The sympathetic ns needs what neurotransmitter?	Nora adrenaline and acetylcholine
What nerve cells respond to acetylcholine?	Cholinergic
Nora adrenaline responds to what nerve cells?	Adrenergic
What are prostoglandins?	Lipids released at the site of trauma or injury to help with healing
How do prostaglandins work?	Increase blood flow, Control inflammation, Formation of clots
What do nsaids do to prostaglandin production?	It blocks the production and reduces renal blood flow
Define perfusion	Movement of oxygen into cells and tissues
The mean arterial pressure must be at least ....	60mmHg
Name the protein that transports calcium and belirubin	Albumin
Define tidal volume	The amount of air moved in and out of lungs with each normal ventilation
What is the minute volume calculation?	Rest Rate x Tidal Volume
What is the triad of anaesthesia?	Narcosis, Analgesia, Muscle relaxation
What happens in metabolic acidosis?	An increase in hydrogen ions
Causes of metabolic acidosis	Diarrhoea, Diabetic ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, uraemic acidosis
What causes metabolic alcolosis?	Increase in bicarbonate ions
What may be seen with sodaline issues?	Respiratory Acidosis
Hyperventilation may cause what?	Respiratory Alcolosis
What crosses the blood brain barrier easily?	Water and Oxygen
A high concentration of hydrogen will show a ... pH	Low
High pH will show a ... concentration of hydrogen ions	Low
Name a buffer	Bicarbonate
What will haemoglobin and plasma proteins do to hydrogen ions?	Accept or Donate
Breath holding causes what?	Increase in CO2 concentration
A lack has a circuit factor of what?	1-1.5
A mini lack will have a circuit factor of what?	1-1.5
A bain will have circuit factor of what?	2-2.5
An ayres tea piece will have a circuit factor of what?	2.5-3
A magill will have a circuit factor of what?	1-1.5
A circle will have a circuit factor of?	1 x min volume OR 10ml/kg/min
Delirium is seen in what stage of anaesthesia?	Stage 2
Nystagmus is seen in what plain of anaesthesia?	Light
A ventral eye position with a constricted pupil is seen in what plane?	Surgical
Central eye position with dilated pupils is seen in what plane?	Deep