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Index
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Equine muscle functions
 »Â
Chapter 1
 »Â
Level 1
level: Level 1
Questions and Answers List
level questions: Level 1
Question
Answer
raises the mandible and presses on maxilla. Mastication
masseter
elevates head
rectus capitis
extends head or flexes it laterally
oliquus capitis cranialis
extends, elevates and bends the head and neck laterally
splenius
elevates shoulder; draws scapula caudo and cranio dorsally
trapezius
opens mouth; flexes or inclines head and neck
sternocephalicus
draw scapula dorsally and cranially; elevates neck
rhomboideus
pronates the forelimb; flexes and turns neck
brachiocephalicus
suspends trunk; raises neck when forelimb is fixed; may support inspiration
serratus
suspends trunk; stabilises shoulder
subclavius
extend and stabilise the shoulder
supraspinatus
extends and flexes shoulder; functions as contractile collateral ligament
infraspinatus
connects forelimb to trunk; adducts, protracts and retracts forelimb
superficial pectorals
extends elbow; long head flexes shoulder
triceps brachii
extends shoulder; flexes elbow, stabilises carpus
biceps brachii
shoulder flexor
deltoideus
retracts limb; flexes shoulder; when limb is fixed, draws trunk cranially
latissimus dorsi
stabilises lumbar vertebrae and ribs; extends vertebral column and bends it laterally; may function in expiration
iliocostalis
stabilises and extends vertebral column; elevates and bends head and neck laterally
longissimus dorsi
flexes hip; protracts hind limb; extends stifle; tenses fascia latae
tensor fascia latae
extends hip; abducts hind limb
gluteus medius
extends hip and stifle; caudal divisions flexes stifle; adducts hind limb; extends hock joint
biceps femoris
limb supporting weight: extends stifle, hock and hip limb not supporting weight: flexes stifle, retracts and adducts hind limb
semitendinosus
limb supporting weight: extends stifle and hip limb not supporting weight: retracts, adducts, and inwardly rotates hind limb
semimembranosus
extends and stabilises stifle
vastus lateralis
extends hock; flexes stifle
gastrocnemius