| Bronchodilators | Beta 2 agonist
Antimuscarinic drug
Methylxanthines |
| Anti inflammatory | Corticosteriods/glucocorticoids
Mast cell stabilizer
Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor
Anti-IgE Monoclonal Antibody |
| Selective beta 2 agonist | Short acting β2-agonists / SABA (2-6 hours)
Salbutamol
Albuterol
Terbutaline
Metaproterenol
Pirbuterol
Long acting β2-agonists / LABA (>12 hours)
Salmeterol
Formeterol |
| Anti-muscarinic drug | Ipratropium bromide
Triotropium
Atropine |
| Methylxanthines | Aminophylline
Theophylline
Doxophylline
Enprophylline
Pentoxiphylline
Theobromine
Caffeine
Sources: Theophylline Tea
Theobromine Cocoa
Caffeine Coffee |
| Corticosteroids / Glucocorticoids | IV - Hydrocortisone
Oral - Prednisolone
Inhalation –
Beclomethasone
Betamethasone
Triamcinolone
Fluticasone
Mometasone
Budesonide
Ciclesonide
Flunisolide |
| Mast Cell Stablizers | Cromolyn Sodium (Di-sodium Cromoglycate)
Nedocromil Sodium |
| Leukotriene Receptors Antagonists: | Zafirlukast, Montelukast |
| Leukotriene Synthesis Inhibitor: | Zileuton |
| Anti-IgE Monoclonal Antibody | Omalizumab |
| Asthma management | Stage 1 = SABA
Stage 2 = SABA + low dose ICS
Stage 3 = SABA + high dose ICS
Stage 4 = LABA + high dose ICS |
| Add on drug in asthma | Mast cell stabilizer
Leuktriene pathway inhibitor |
| For chronic cough + asthma | Montelukast and zafirlukast |
| For emergency acute asthma | Albuterol or salmeterol inhalation |
| Anti-muscarinic for COPD | Triotropium |
| Peripherally acting antitussive | Linctuses
Water aerosol inhalation
Benzoin inhalation
Eucalyptus and methanol inhalation |
| Central acting antitussive | Codeine (opioid)
Dextromethorphan (non opioid, safer) |
| Sedative antihistamine | Diphenhydramine
Chlorpheniramine |
| Expectorants | Guaifenesin |
