| Define tissues | a group of cells that are specialised to work together to carry out a particular function |
| How are erythrocytes specialised for their function | The function is to carry oxygen in the blood.
- they have a biconcave disc shape providing them with a large surface area for gas exchange
- they have no nucleus allowing them to have more room for haemoglobin |
| How are neutrophils specialised for their function | The function is to defend the body against disease
- has a flexible shape allowing them to engulf foreign particles or pathogens
- have many lysosomes in their cytoplasm containing digestive enzymes to break down and engulf the particles |
| How is sperm specialised for their function | The function is to fertilise eggs
- has lots of mitochondria so that they have more energy
- acrosomes contains enzymes for quicker digestion to penetrate egg |
| How are palisades specialised for their function | The function is photosynthesis
- contains many chloroplast that absorbs light
- the walls are thin for quicker diffusion or CO2 into cells |
| How are root hairs specialised for their function | The function is to absorb water and mineral ions from the soil
- they have a large surface area for absorption
- thin, permeable cell wall for easier entry of ions
- cytoplasm contains extra mitochondria providing more energy for active transport |
| How are guard cells specialised for their function | They are used for gas exchange for photosynthesis |
| Define organ | a group of different tissues that work together to perform a particular function |
| Give examples of some organs | - lungs
- leaf |
| Define organ system | organs that work together for a particular system |
