| What is Hematopoiesis? | the process by which blood cells are formed in red bone marrow
- new blood cell formation |
| what are the two types of bone marrow | red bone marroe
yellow bone marrow |
| Function of red bone marrow | red bone marrow activley generates new blood cells |
| Where is red bone marrow located | in adults red bone marrow is located
- in trabeculae of spongy bone
- girdles
- epyphyses of humerus and femur |
| Name what is covered | Red Bone Marrow |
| Name what is covered | Trabeculae |
| Name what is covered | Yellow Bone Marrow |
| Name what is covered | Endosteum |
| Name what is covered | Periosteum |
| what is found in red bone marrow? | immature erythrocytes |
| What does yellow bone marrow contain? | yellow bone marrow contains many fat cells |
| Where is yellow bone marrow located? | located in the long bones of adults |
| Yellow marrow is a _____ marrow | dormant marrow |
| What tissue makes up bone marrow? | Reticular lose connective tissue
- contains fibroblast (reticular cells)
- blood sinusoids run through the tisue |
| How do mature blood cells enter the blood stream? | Mature blood cells enter the blood stream through endothelial cells of sinusoids |
| Describe the makeup and function of reticular tissue of bone marrow. | contains macrophages that extend to capture antigens
some cells are mesenchymal stem cells which can give rise to fat cells, osteoblasts, chondrovytes, fibroblasts, and muscle cells. |
| What cell type do blood cells originate from? | Hemapoietic blood stem cell |
| What cells do hemopoietic blood stem cells give rise to? | 1. lympoid stem cells (become lymphocytes)
2. Myeloid stem cells (give rise to all other blood cells) |
| Leukocytes form from... | myeloblasts |
| what gives rise to platelets? | megakaryoblasts |
| What are disorders of erythrocytes? | 1. polycythemia
2. anemia
3. Sickle cell disease |
| What is polycythemia? | abnormal excess of erythrocytes |
| What is anemia? | low concentration of erythrocyte levels or hemoglobin |
| What is sickle cell disease? | sickle cell disease is inherited, results from a defective hemoglobin molecule, causes cell to become a sickle shape which prevents effective carrying |
| Why does sickle cell disease cause erythrocytes to obtain a disordered shape? | because red blood cells carry mutant hemoglobin, they are deprived of oxygen and thus become sickle shaped which further interrupts blood flow. |
| What are positive effects of sickle cell disease? | carriers of sickle cell allele are resistant to malaria |
| Define Leukemia | Leukemia is a form of cancer that results from a disorder of leukocytes
- cancer of stem cells (lymphoblastic or myeloblastic) |
| Define Thrombocytopenia | abnormally low concentration of platelets
results from disorders of platelets |
