| What is Art? | Art is a form of expression of human imagination in visual forms which can be presented with the use of paint or sculpture to present ideas and feelings |
| What is Aesthetics? | The philosophy that goes into art to recognise the beauty and the meaning of the art work, it is done by looking at the culture, history and the intention of the artist |
| What is culture? | The characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people defined by cuisine, langauge, religion, social habits, music and art |
| What are the 3 important values of Art | ICE: Innovation, creativity and expression |
| History of Art | Prehistoric Period
Classical: Greek and Roman
Greek: Archaic, Classical, Hellenistic= CHA
Mediaval Art
Renaissance Art
Baroque Art
Modern and Post Modern |
| Prehistoric Period | Paintings of animals ex: horses in caves
Techniques: Foreshortening to achieve illusion of depth using pigments
Goddess of fertility: Important for civilisation |
| Archaic | Nudity
Contrapposto: Realism
Kouros and Kore: Male and female youth |
| Classical | Golden Age
Important sculpture: Myron: Discus thrower made of out Bronze
Very defined, tensed muscles, wise
Tree trunk behind represents nature, beauty, balance, background, perspective
Contrapposto |
| Hellenistic Period | Female Nudity
Aphrodite of Knidos:
Lack of Contrapposto
Shows grace and fertility
Laocoon and His two Sons: Marble Statue
Gods punished Laocoon after they believed he had sexual relationships in the temple
Sent serpents to suffocate the father and two sons
Terribility= When statue communicates something terrible |
| The Parthenon | Temple on the Athenian Acropolis; Majestically imposing, yet built to a scale of proportion |
| Greek Painting | Painted mostly on pottery, vases |
| Roman Art | Commemorative for the greatness of their empire and all their victories.
Developed the arch, aqueducts, baths and colossal columns with statues that documented victories; height= success
Ex: Colosseum emphasizing the strength and massiveness and the Column of Trajan dedicated to Emperor Trajan in honour of his victory over Dacia |
| Adjectives to describe roman art | CHN= Commemorative, Historical, Narrative |
| 3 continents with roman empire | Southern Europe: Spain
Northern coast of Africa
Asia |
| 4 types of Roman Architecture | Domestic
Public
Religious
Commemorative |
| Medieval Art | End of classical era
Ex: Cathedrals, painting and sculptures of saints and ritual items
The Romanesque era was art with roman traditions and was aesthetically pleasing. Ex: Barrel vaults, domes, columns, arches, small windows |
| Gothic Era | Characterised with magnificent cathedrals, pointed arches, buttresses, gargoyles and stained glass. Done to symbolise the mightiness of God |
| Renaissance Art | The philosophy of humanism and rebirth of classical times
Artists: Filippo Brunelleschi: illusion of depth
Giotto: The Lamentation of Christ
Leonardo: High Renaissance: Last Supper
Michelangelo: Cysteine Chapel
Linear perspective and use of light: sfumato effect and chiaroscuro |
| Baroque Art | Grotesque style suggested wealth and power
Not organised
Church and Monarchies used art as religious and political propaganda
Caravaggio revealed a new style: Teneberism (dramatic illusion) and chiaroscuro ex: beheading of st.John
3D effect: The Palace of Versailles |
| Modern and Post Modern Art | Modern art: Began with impressionism
Monet; Impression sunrise: Induced the name of the movement from a review that criticised the style. Impressionists sought to achieve a reflection of modern industrialisation and invention of photography
Post- Impressionism: Where artists formed their own styles in movements ex: neo-impressionism, expressionism (Van Gogh), Fauvism, Cubism (Picasso), Futurism, Surrealism
Post Modern Art: Began in modern art with an anti-art movement which rejected main assumptions of traditional art; art that had to be original and that art needs to be a message or interpretation.
A movement in post-modern art is Neo-Dada |
