| What is the Periodic Table? | Table listing all known elements. The elements are grouped according to their properties and in order of the number of protons in their nucleus. |
| What are Periods? | Subdivisions of geological time. Periods are the rows of the periodic table. |
| What are Atomic Numbers? | Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. The atomic number determines which element an atom is. |
| What is Relative Atomic Mass? | A number that compares the mass of atoms to an agreed mass, such as 112 of the mass of a carbon-12 isotope. |
| What is a Mass Number? | Number or protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| What are Noble Gases? | Elements in the last column of the periodic table. They are extremely chemically inactive. |
| What are Transition Metal Block? | Block of metallic elements in the middle of the periodic table. (Staircase) |
| What are Metals? | Elements that conduct heat and electricity, shiny solids which can be made into thin wires and sheets that bend easily. Mercury is the only liquid metal. (Left hand side) |
| What are Non-Metals? | Elements that do not conduct electricity or heat and are brittle and often coloured. (upper right hand side on the periodic table), they melt and turn into gases easily |
| What are Metalloids? | Elements that have the appearance of metals but not all the other properties of metals. |
| What are Molecules? | Particles with two or more atoms joined (bonded) together. |
| What is a Electron Shell Diagram? | Diagram showing electrons in their shells around the nucleus of an atom. |
| What are Shells? | Energy levels surrounding the nucleus of an atom into which electrons are arranged. |
| What are Electron Configuration? | An ordered list of the number of electrons in each electron shell |
| What are Neutral Ions? | Having equal amounts of negative and positive electric charge and Atoms or groups of atoms that have lost or gained electrons. |
| What are Cations? | Atoms or groups of atoms that have lost electrons and are positively charged. |
| What are Anions? | Atoms or groups of atoms that have gained electrons and are negatively charged. |
| What are Ionic Compounds? | Compounds containing positive and negative ions held together by the electrostatic force. |
| What is an Ionic Bond? | Attractive force between ions with opposite electrical charge. |
| What are Aqueous Solutions? | Solutions in which water is the solvent. |
| What is a Covalent Bond? | Shared pair of electrons holding two atoms together. |
| What are Covalent Compounds? (Also Known As Molecular Compounds) | Compounds in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds. |
| What are Electron Dot Diagrams? | Diagrams using dots to represent the electrons in the outer shell of atoms and to show the bonds between atoms in molecules. |
| What are Bonding Electrons? | Shared electrons holding two atoms together. |
| What is the Structural Formula? | Diagram showing the arrangement of atoms in a substance with covalent bonds drawn as dashes. |
| What is a Chemical Formula? | Shorthand statement of the elements in a substance showing the relative number of atoms of each kind of element. |
| What are Mineral Ores? | Rocks mined to obtain a metal or other chemical within them. |
| What are Displacement Reactions? | Reactions where an element displaces another element to form a compound (can be either single or double). |
| What is a Molecular Formula? | Shorthand statment of the elements in a molecule showing the relative number of atoms of each kind of element. |
| What is Valency? | Equal to the number of electrons that each atom needs to gain |
| What is Electrovalency? | The number of positive or negative charges on an ion. |
| What are Molecular Ions? | Groups of atoms that have an overall charge and are treated as an entity. e.g. OH- |
| What are Equations? | One-line statments describing a chemical reaction |
| What is a Combustion Reaction? | Chemical reactions in which a substance reacts with oxygen and heat is released. |
| What is Neutralisation? | Reaction between an acid and a base. A salt and water are the products of this type of reaction. The salt contains the positive metal ion from the base and the negative non-metal ion from the acid. |
| What is Synthesis? | The production of chemical compounds by reaction from simpler materials. |
| What is a Decomposition Reaction? | Chemical reaction in which one single compound breaks down into two or more simpler compounds. |
| What is Matter? | The substance of substances of which any physical object consists or is composed. |
| What is an Element? | A substance of atoms which all have the same number of protons. (Same atomic number) |
| What is a Compound? | A substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together. |
| What is a Chemical Change? | Occurs when a substance combines with another to form a new substance. |
| What is a Physical Change? | Change that does not involve changing the substance's chemical identity. e.g. changing between solid |
| What is an Atom? | The smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist. |
| What is a Molecule? | A group of atoms bonded together |
| What is a Proton? | A stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei |
| What is a Neutron? | Subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge |
| What is an Electron? | A stable sub-atomic particle with a charge of negative electricity |
| What is a Nucleus? | The positively charged central core of an atom |
| What is an Isotope? | each of two or more form of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons. |
| What is a Reactant? | A substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction. |
| What is a Product? | The compounds that are formed when a reaction is completed. |
| What is Corrosion? | A chemical reaction in which a chemical is 'eaten away' by substances in the air or water. e.g. the tarnishing of silver jewellery |
| What is a Combination Reaction? | Chemical reactions in which two substances |
| What is a Precipitation Reaction? | Chemical reactions in which a water-soluble (solid) product forms. |
| What type of atomic diagram is the following: | It's the Bohr Diagram. |
| What type of atomic diagram is the following: | It's the Lewis Structure |
| What is an exothermic reaction? | A reaction that releases energy. |
| What are 3 examples of an exothermic reaction? | Combustion, Respiration, Oxidisation |
| Write a word equation of an exothermic reaction which happens in our body. | Respiration: Glucose + Oxygen -> Water + Carbon Dioxide |
| What is an endothermic reaction? | A reaction that requires energy. |
| Write a word equation of an endothermic reaction which occurs in plants. | Photosynthesis: Water + Carbon Dioxide -> Glucose + Oxygen |
| What are some examples of an endothermic reaction? | Photosynthesis, Electrolysis |
| What is matter? | Anything that has mass and volume. |
| What is mass? | Amount of matter in an object. |
| What is weight? | Measure of the force of attraction between objects due to mass and gravity. |
| What is volume? | The amount of space an object takes up. |
| What is density? | Measurement of how much mass is contained in a given volume. |
| What is the charge of a proton? | Positive |
| What is the charge of an electron? | Negative |
| What is the charge of a neutron? | Neutral |
