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level: Unit 2

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Unit 2

Question	Answer
What is a hydrocarbon?	A substance made up of only hydrogen and carbon atoms ONLY
What bonds do ALKANES have?	Carbon to carbon single bonds
What is the general formula for an ALKANE?	Cn H2n+2
What bonds do ALKENES have?	Carbon to carbon double bonds
What is the general formula for ALKENES?	Cn H2n
What is the first ALKENE?	Ethene
What happens to ALKENES when mixed with bromine solution?	Immediately decolourises
Which hydrocarbons are SATURATED?	Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
What is an isomer?	Two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the molecule and different properties
What is an ADDITION REACTION?	A reaction when one molecule combines with another to form a larger molecule with no products.
What is an addition of HYDROGEN called when added to an alkene?	Hydrogenation
What is an addition of a HALOGEN to an alkene called?	Dihaloalkane
What is an addition of WATER to an alkene called?	Hydration
What does the process of HYDRATION make?	Alcohol
Name two uses of alcohols?	Fuel and solvent
What functioning group do alcohols contain?	Hydroxyl functioning group
What is the general formula for an alcohol?	Cn H2n+1OH
What happens to the melting and boiling points when alcohols increase in size?	As alcohols increase in size their melting and boiling points increase due to the increasing strength of the inter molecular forces
What are two uses of carboxylic acids?	Soaps and preservatives
Carboxylic acids contain what functioning group?	Carboxyl functioning group
What is the general formula for carboxylic acids?	Cn H2n+1 1COOH
What PH do carboxylic acids have?	Less than 7
What is the formula to calculate the energy change?	eh=cm∆T
What is the formula to calculate energy change per gram?	Eh/fuel used
What number is the specific heat capacity?	4.18