| What is the definition of a disability | A disability is a physical or mental impairment that has a substantial and long-term adverse (medical model) effect on his or her ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities (social model) |
| What are the types of intelligence | Crystallised → can improve through education and experience . e.g. vocabulary, general knowledge
Fluid → tends to be static. e.g. non-verbal reasoning |
| What is the difference between the medical model and social model | Medical model → Understanding of disabilities is based in quantitative science and leads to treatment. Practice should be evidence based
Social model → Based in qualitative methodologies. Disabilities are a socially constructed phenomena |
| Features of down syndrome> | Not familial --> due to an extra chromosome which can be due to non-disjunction
More common when the mother is older
Delays in speech and language, such as articulation, sentence length and syntax
Progressive IQ decline --> Brain has reduced volume
Problems with short and long term memory, adaptive behaviour and executive functions
Life span of 60 years |
| How would you work with LD patients | Talk to them as people – not over them
Be aware that they do not process information easily, but will indicate that they have
Acknowledge that they have the same emotions and feelings as others
Recognise that they will have problems with memory, as well as organisation and time estimation |
| What classification systems have been introduced | Classification systems such as DSM-5 and ICD-10 and the criteria used for diagnosis |
