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level: Quality Assurance and Quality Control

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Quality Assurance and Quality Control

Question	Answer
Importance of quality assurance and control: Improves the ____ and ____ of testing Ensures the clinician that the_____ has been done in best way	Accuracy and reliability Test Method
Meaning of the organization CLIA?	CLINICAL LABORATORY IMPROVEMENT AMMENDMENT
TJC	THE JOINT COMMISSION
COLA	COMMISSION ON OFFICE LABORATORY ACCREDITATION
CAP	COLLEGE OF AMERICAN PATHOLOGIST
IOS	INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION
OSHA	OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
STANDARD FOR CLINICAL LABORATORIES	ISO 15189
A WELL WRITTEN ELECTRONIC OR PAPER REQUST FORM WITH COMPLETE PATIENT INFORMATION AND TYPE OF SPECIMEN TO BE TESTED.	TEST REQUISITION-
PATIENTS SHOULD BE CAREFULLY IDENTIFIED AND SPECIMENS SHOULD BE LABELLED PROPERLY (MOST COMMON SOURCE OF ERROR)	PATIENT ID AND LABELLING-
ASSESSMENT ROUTINE FOR ALL PROCEDURES. CONFIDENCE LIMIT IS ONE WAY TO DETERMINE REPRODUCIBILITY OF TESTS PROCEDURES	APPROPRIATE TESTING METHOD
INACCURATE RESULTS THAT CAN BE ELIMINATED BY MONITORING OF EQUIPMENT, REAGENT AND OTHER SUPPLY	SYSTEMATIC
INACCURATE RESULTS THAT IS ISOLATED ERRORS OUTSIDE THE SYSTEM	SPORADIC
A PROGRAM THAT MONITORS OR EVALUATES THAT MAKE SURE A CERTAIN PRODUCT, SERVICE OR FACILITY IS IN A STANDAR QUALITY.	QUALITY ASSURANCE-
THIS CONSIT OF PROCEDURES THAT DETECT ERRORS. IN LABORATORY SETTING, EQUIPMENTS ARE COMMONLY TESTED FOR THESE PROCEDURES TO YIELD THE BEST RESULTS	QUALITY CONTROL
A SUBSTANCE WITH A KNOWN VALUE IS COMPARED TO THE RESULT OF THE MACHINE TESTED WITH THE CALIBRATOR. (ACCURACY)	STANDARD/ CALIBRATOR-
A SUBSTANCE WITH A KNOWN VALUE IS COMPARED TO THE REFERENCE RANGE SET ON THE EQUIPMENT. (PRECISION)	CONTROL
CLOSENESS OF MEASUREMENT TO A SPECIFIC VALUE	ACCURACY
CLOSENESS OF THE TEST RESULTS WITH EACH OTHER WHEN TESTED REPEATEDLY.	PRECISION
HOW ONE ACHIEVE ACCURACCY AND PRECISION? USE OF PROPERLY ____ PROCEDURES STATISTICALLY VALID COMPARISONS OF NEW METHODS WITH ESTABLISHED REFERENCE METHODS USE OF KNOWN ______– IN OUR CASE, DAILY PARTICIPATION IN ______	STANDARDIZED VALUES (CONTROLS) PROFICIENCY PROGRAMS
USED TO COMPARE THE STANDARD DEVIATION OF TWO SAMPLES.	COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION (CV)-
ABILITY OF THE TEST TO DETECT AN ANALYTE OR SUBSTANCE EVEN IN VERY LITTLE OR SMALL AMOUNT	SENSITIVITY
ABILITY OF THE TEST TO DETECT THE TARGET ANALYTE OR SUBSTANCE	SPECIFICITY
NUMBER OF PATIENTS WITH POSITIVE TEST RESULTS WHO HAVE THE DISEASE COMPARED TO ALL TESTED WITH POSITIVE RESUTS.	POSITIVE PREDICTIVE VALUE
NUMBER OF PATIENTS WITH NORMAL TEST RESULTS WHO DO NOT HAVE THE DISEASE COMPARED TO ALL TESTED WITH NORMAL RESULTS	NEGATIVE PREDICITVE VALUE-
EXTERNAL PROGRAMS SET BY CLIA TO MONITOR LABORATORIES.	PROFICIENCY TESTING
NEQAS	NATIONAL EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT SCHEME
MAIN CLINICAL CHEMISTRY	LUNG CENTER OF THE PHILIPPINES (LCP)
MAIN MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY	RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR TROPICAL MEDICINE (RITM)
MAIN IMMUNOLOGY AND SEROLOGY-	STD-AIDS COOPERATIVE CENTRAL LABORATORY (SACCL)
MAIN HEMATOLOGY SITE	NATIONAL KIDNEY AND TRANSPLANT INSTITUTE (NKTI)
MAIN BLOODBANK SITE	RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR TROPICAL MEDICINE (RITM)
SUBSTANCE SIMILAR TO COMPOSITION OF HUMAN BLOOD THAT IS CAREFULLY MADE TO TEST OR MONITOR LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS	CONTROL SPECIMENS
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR “CONTROL OUT OF RANGE”	DETERIORATION OF REAGENTS FAULTY INSTRUMENT DIRTY LABWARES LACK OF ATTENTION USE OF METHODS NOT IN MANUAL USE OF POOR TECHNIQUES STATISTICS
A STATISTICALLY MEASURED RANGE OF VALUE REPRESENTED BY HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS . TYPICALLY SHOWN BY GAUSSIAN CURVE.	REFERENCE RANGE
INDIVIDUALS SELECTED FOR REFERENCE RANGE MAY VARY BY AGE, SEX, ETHNICITY, CIRCADIAN RHYTHM.	True
______ IS DONE WHEN A NEW PROCEDURE IS INTRODUCED IN THE LAB. NEW PROCEDURE COULD BE NEW PRINCIPLE, NEW MANUFACTURER, OR NEW SET OF MACHINE. THIS NEW PROCEDURE IS THEN COMPARED TO THE EXISTING PROCEDURE IF THEY YIELD EXACT RESULTS.	PARALLEL TESTING