| How to test for Halide Ions?
[Chloride, Bromide and Iodide Ions] | -First: Add some Dilute Nitric Acid [HNO³] followed with Silver Nitrate Solution [AgNO³]
-If it was the Chloride Ions you were Testing, you would get a White Precipitate of Silver Chloride [As because they React]
-If it was the Bromide Ions you were Testing, you would get a Cream Precipitate of Silver Bromide [As because they React]
-If it was the Iodide Ions you were testing, you would get a Yellow Precipitate of Silver Iodide [As because they React] |
| In the Test of Halide Ions, why is Nitric Acid added First? | -This is so that no Carbonate Ions can Form.
-This is important because they make a Pale Precipitate with the Silver Nitrate which wouldn't be Helpful
-Hydrochloric Acid is useless, because your adding Chloride Ions |
| How to test for Carbonates? | -First add Barium Chloride Solution to whatever Solution you want to decipher
-If Carbonate Ions are Present, then a White Precipitate will appear, of Barium Carbonate
-Then add in some Hydrochloric Acid
-If Carbonate Ions are Present, then you will see a Fizz, due to the Carbonate Reacting with the Acid to make Carbon Dioxide [Use Test for Carbon Dioxide to Prove it]
-When all the Barium Carbonate has been Reacted, a Colourless Solution will appear, containing Ba²+ |
| Give the Formula for the: Test for Carbonates: | Barium Carbonate + Acid --> Barium Ions + Carbon Dioxide + Water
BaCO³ + 2H+ ---> Ba²+ + CO² + H²O |
| Test for Sulphate Ions goes like...? | -First add Barium Chloride to the Solution you want to Decipher
-If Sulphate Ions are Present, then a White Precipitate of Barium Sulphate will be Present
-Then add Dilute Hydrochloric Acid to it
-What will happen next, will be Nothing, because Barium Sulphate will Not React with the Hydrochloric Acid, so the White Precipitate will not Vanish
-[This simply means you have Sulphate Ions, and not Carbonate Ions] |
| Give the Formula for the: Test for Sulphate Ions: | Barium Ions + Sulphate Ions --> Barium Sulphate
Ba₂+ + SO₄ ₂- ---> BaSO₄ |
