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level: Opportunistic Mycoses

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Opportunistic Mycoses

Question	Answer
most reports of disease involve chronic fungal sinusitis	Penicillium
most reports of disease involve chronic fungal sinusitis	Penicillium
most reports of disease involve chronic fungal sinusitis	Penicillium
most reports of disease involve chronic fungal sinusitis	Penicillium
most reports of disease involve chronic fungal sinusitis	Penicillium
most reports of disease involve chronic fungal sinusitis	Penicillium
The terms saprobe and saprophyte have been used to describe free-living microorganisms that are present in the environment but are not typically of concern with regard to human disease	Opportunistic Mycoses
The major reason for this development is the growing number of persons with defects in their immune systems.	Opportunistic Mycoses
Persons with AIDS constitute the prime targets for infection	Opportunistic Mycoses
are ideal points of inoculation, allowing saprobes to become opportunistic agents of disease.	Surgical wounds
-are common environmental isolates associated with soil and plants. They contaminate grains, breads, and fruits -Diabetes is a significan risk factor for these infections	Mucorales
-can be recovered from the sinuses or other organs during disseminated disease -common in the environment -These organisms are rapidly growing and form a cottony colony that is initially white but becomes gray with age	Cunninghamella
-have a predilection for vascular invasion, causing thrombosis and necrosis of the tissues -is usually found in patients with diabetes and ketoacidosis.	Lichtheimia.
From the sinuses, infection rapidly spreads to the orbits, face, palate, and brain	rhinocerebral mucormycosis
found worldwide and are often associated with soil or decomposing organic matter	Lichtheimia.
short, thin projections that anchor the growing cells to substratum	rhizoids
-have been implicated in rhinocerebral mucormycosis in addition to dis seminated disease.	Mucor
-are the most common Mucorales causing human disease. -are rapidly growing and have erect sporangio phores terminating in dark sporangia and sporangiospores	Rhizopus
produce rapidly growing, woolly colonies that cover the entire surface of the culture medium. Colonies are initially white but become gray to brown with age	Rhizopus
rarely implicated in human disease but has been documented in cutaneous infections	Syncephalastrum
Isolates are sometimes confused with Aspergillus on initial examination.	Syncephalastrum
are ubiquitous environmental saprophytes and can frequently be isolated from a number of hospital sites, including ventilation systems, and food	Aspergillus
second most commonly isolated fungus after Candida spp.	Aspergillus
is the single most predictive factor for developing aspergillosis.	Neutropenia
frequent presentation is that of so-called fungus balls in the lungs of agricultural workers who routinely are in contact with fungal conidia from environmental sources	Aspergillus
may occur in patients with structural damage to their lungs caused by other diseases, including tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.	Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis
phialides attach directly to the vesicle at the end of the conidiophore.	Uniseriate species
possess a supporting structure called a metula.	Biseriate species
Colors range from black to white and include yellow, brown, green, gray, pink, beige, and tan	Aspergillus
are the most frequent cause of disease in bone marrow transplant recipients in addition to other cancer and transplantation patients.	Aspergillus
Most cases in Aspergillus multistate outbreak were caused by (Blank) a common mold found in soil and on plants.	Exserohilum rostratum
hypersensitivity pneumonitis to Aspergillus antigens. Pneumonia like symptoms and allergic reactions.	Farmer’s Lungs Disease:
Obstructive bronchial aspergillosis due to formation of bronchial casts made up of hyphal elements. Patients who are sensitive to molds	Aspergilloma / Fungus Ball
seen in severely neutropenic and Immunodeficient patient. When the infection is spread throughout the body. (Brain, Liver, Heart and Bone)	Invasive / Disseminated Aspergillosis
-a rare human isolate, uncommonly associated with keratitis. -a known insect pathogen and is found worldwide on vegetation and in the soil. -Abundant, single-celled, tear-shaped sympoduloconidia	Beauveria bassiana
-have been recovered from nails and skin lesions.	Chrysosporium
- frequently seen in mycotic keratitis (inflammation of cornea caused by fungi, seen in patients wearing contact lenses)	Fusarium
- The outbreak was associated with a particular brand of contact lens solution and occurred typically in patients who wore lenses continuously without removal for several days at a time.	Fusarium
- Fusarium spp. are easily recovered in	Blood culture
Macroconidia are banana- or canoe-shaped and are formed singly, in small clusters, or clustered together in mats termed sporodochia	Fusarium
develop various colors with age, ranging from rose to mauve to purple to yellow.	Fusarium
- Colonies are white to cream, yeastlike, and can be confused with Trichosporon spp	Geotrichum
extremely refractory to treatment and was recovered in a hospital outbreak.	Paecilomyces
most reports of disease involve chronic fungal sinusitis	Penicillium
- commonly isolated from nail specimens	Scopulariopsis
Colonies are intensely green and granular, with an abundance of conidia. Septate and Phaeoid Saprophytes	Trichoderma
- can be recovered from almost any source, they are primarily implicated in chronic fungal sinusitis - They have been implicated in tomato rot	Alternaria
- rare but can be traced to contaminated dialysis lines and other similar devices - This organism may be recovered from blood, tissues, and abscesses	Aureobasidium
- reported in the brains of patients with central nervous system disease. - These perithecia are pineapple-shaped and are ornamented with straight or curled hairs or setae.	Chaetomium
- primarily recovered as laboratory contaminants.	Cladosporium
- Found worldwide, this fungus is frequently recovered from grass, leaves, and decaying vegetation	Curvularia
- usually secondary to traumatic inoculation.	Phoma
Conidia are somewhat barrel shaped, formed singly on simple short conidiophores.	Pithomyces
-sometimes implicated in subcutaneous infections, usually following traumatic inoculation - forming colonies ranging in color from brown to olivaceous to black.	Ulocladium