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level: Biological explanation

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Biological explanation

QuestionAnswer
What is the biological explanation?Genes influence criminal behaviour, it has been passed down through familes.
How did people test this explanation?They used twin studies, seeing as they shared 100% or 50% of the same genetic information
How did twins help?Compare the criminal behaviour in genetically identical and non-identical twins
What was the sample for the Christiansen study?3586 pairs of twins
Concordance rate of male monozygotic twins in Christiansen's study?35% of shared criminal behaviour
Concordance rate of male dizygotic twins in Christiansen's study?13% of shared criminal behaviour
Concordance rate of female monozygotic twins in Christiansen's study?21% of shared criminal behaviour
Concordance reate of female dizygotic twins in Christiansen's study?8% of shared criminal behaviour
What does Christiansen's results show?Genes play a role because of the greater similarity in identical twins can be explained by their greater genetic similairty
What did the adoption studies want to find?Isolate genetic factors and upbrining has on thier behaviour. Criminal records of their biological parents and adoptive parents were compared to the child's
What did Hutchings find about adopted children and biological parents ?21% of adopted children went to commit a crime that their biological father had been convicted of.
What did Hutchings find about adotped children and their adoptive parents?10% children who biological father didn't commit a crime but thier adoptive father did.
What does extraverison mean?Behaviour is outgoing and sensation-seeking
What is introversion?Reserved, calm and quiet
What is neuroticism?Highly emotional and quick to overract
What is psychotism ?Lacks empathy, cold and can be agressive.
What do people with high extraverison tend to seek?Increased stimuliationot raise thier arousal level becuase they experience low arosual in thier nervous system.
What do people with high nuerotiscim tend to do?More likely to overeact beucase they have a nervous sytem that responds quickly to stressors
What did Eysnck believe with high levels of psychoticism?Person lacked empthy and likekihood of antisocial behaviour.
Strength of Eysenck?Allows for interaction between nature and nuture, nervous system creates perosnlity traits that affect how we are raised. More holistic.
Strength of biological explanation?There is supporting edvience from Christiansen's twin study. But they can't be the only correlation becuase the gene hasn't been isolted.
Weakness of biological explanation?The EPQ is a self report, the valitiy can be affected by social desirability bias
Strength of biological explanation?Applied usefully by parents to identify thier child's perosnilty traits
Weakness of biological explanation?Its a biological theory which is fixed at brith so it cannot be applied to help reduce criminal behaviour.