| Describe the National Trend in the United Kingdom in terms of Non-Communicable Disease. Why? | -UK has Non-Communicable Diseases has the Biggest Leader of Death
-People in Poorer Areas will probably Smoke and do Drugs, and therefore have a Poorer Diet and will not Exercise along with an Excessive use of Alcohol
-This will Increase the Chance of Obesity, Heart Disease, Type 2 Diabetes, Cancers and Cirrhosis. |
| Which are the 3 Categories for Risk Factors for Diseases? | -Lifestyle: What do they do during the Day - Is it Healthy?
-Environment: Are their Substances in the Air? Is the Social Vibe up and Running?
-Genetic: Have the Genes you Inherited made Life Harder? [Note: Genes doesn't Mean you will get the Disease - it may make you more Likely to Catch It, and Even More so if the Lifestyle was also Bad, or/and the Environment] |
| Would it be Fair to Say that Lack of Exercise and High Fat Diet will Cause CVD?
Would it also be Fair to Say that Smoking will Cause Lung Cancer?
What can you Say from Both of these Examples? | -High Fat and No Exercise will Increase the Chance of getting CVD, but will not Cause It. CVD is Caused by High / Bad Cholesterol Levels and High Blood Pressure.
-However, Smoking may be a Direct Cause, and Risk Factor, to Lung Cancer.
-This means Risk Factors may either Increase the Chance of Getting the Disease but will not CAUSE IT [Like Genes] or by the Fact that Different Factors need to be There and be Intertwined in it all.
-OR it can mean that Risk Factors may be a Direct Cause, like Smoking. |
| How can Exercise affect the Risk of Non-Communicable Disease? | -Exercise will Use Energy from the Body, and Decrease the Stored Body Fat.
-Muscle is also Built which will Enhance the Metabolic Rate - so People who Exercise will have a Lower Chance of Obesity and CVD - which is Caused by High Blood Pressure in which Low Exercise Rate can Help. |
| How can Diet affect the Risk of Non-Communicable Disease? | -Eating too much = Obesity which is Linked to Type 2 Diabetes, CVD, High Blood Pressure and even some Cancers
-Too much Saturated Fat Increases the Blood Cholesterol Level. Cholesterol is an Important Liquid for the Body to Work, but too much of a 'bad' Cholesterol [LDL] can cause Fatty Deposits in Arteries which leads to Coronary Heat Disease.
-Eat too Little and you may Suffer Malnutrition, varies due to what Food is Missing, but Growth, Resistance to Disease and Unorderly Periods is a Result of Which.
-Also, Lack of Vitamins or Minerals = Deficiency Disease, like Scurvy. |
| How can Alcohol affect the Risk of Non-Communicable Disease? | -Alcohol is Poisonous because when Broken down in the Liver, some of its Products are Toxic. [But getting Drunk? Yes please]
-Too Much over a Long Period can have Liver Cells dying, that may make Scar Tissues which Stops Blood reaching the Liver [Cirrhosis]
-Drinking too much = Increase Blood Pressure = CVD [But Drinking doesn't necessary mean CVD - look at Flashcard 2]
-Cancers in the Mouth, Throat, Bowles and Liver have actually been Linked to Alcohol because the Toxic Products can Damage DNA and mess up its Mitosis Rate to go Out of Control |
| How can Smoking affect the Risk of Non-Communicable Disease? [Part 1] | -Cigarettes has Nicotine, making it Addictive and also makes Carbon Monoxide, Tar and Particulates [Chemistry!!!]
-Carbon Monoxide may Reduce Oxygen Capacity in the Blood = Cardiac Muscle may not receive Enough Oxygen leading to a Heart Attack.
-Nicotine will Increase Heart Rate which Increases the Blood Pressure - That's CVD for you
-Tar will Affect the Throat, Mouth, and Lungs because Tar has Toxic Chemicals that can cause Cancer [Carcinogens] which will make Mutations [Changes] to the DNA Messing up the Rate of Mitosis. |
| How can Smoking affect the Risk of Non-Communicable Disease? [Part 2] | -Smoking a Cigar will Inflammation of the Lining of the Bronchi and Bronchioles [Tubes in Lungs] meaning Permanent Damage [Symptoms may be Breathing Problems and a Continuous, Annoying Cough]
-If Pregnant, then Smoking may cause Havoc on the Unborn Baby |
| Describe the Global Trend in terms of Non-Communicable Disease. Why? | -Developed Countries have more Non-Communicable Diseases compared to Developing Countries - but Developing Countries are Starting to get an Increase of Non-Communicable Disease
-Income is a Key Role in why these Trends are Happening
-Lower Exercise and High Alcohol Consumption more common with People who have Higher Income; Smoking related Deaths found in Poorer Countries [Varies Massively]
-Obesity found with High Incomes and Lower Incomes. Higher because able to Afford High-Fat Food and Lower because Cheaper, less Healthy Food. |
| Describe the National Trend in the United Kingdom in terms of Non-Communicable Disease. Why? | -UK has Non-Communicable Diseases has the Biggest Leader of Death
-People in Poorer Areas will probably Smoke and do Drugs, and therefore have a Poorer Diet and will not Exercise along with an Excessive use of Alcohol
-This will Increase the Chance of Obesity, Heart Disease, Type 2 Diabetes, Cancers and Cirrhosis. |
