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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
discovering the types of evidence and arguments you will use to make your case.	Invention
organizing the speech in ways best suited to the topic and audience.	Arrangement
the way the speaker uses language to express the speech ideas.	Style
the practice of the speech until it can be deliv- ered artfully.	Memory
the vocal and nonverbal behavior you use when speaking.	Delivery
happens between two people, as in a conversation.	Dyadic communication
involves a small number of people who can see and speak directly with one another.	Small group communication
occurs between a speaker and a large audience of unknown people who usually are not present with the speaker, or who are part of such an immense crowd that there can be little or no interaction between speaker and listener.	Mass communication
A speaker delivers a message with a specific purpose to an audience of people who are present during the delivery of the speech.	public speaking
INVENTION.. ARRANGEMENT… STYLE… MEMORY… DELIVERY…	canons of rhetoric
sender, creates a message	Source
the process of converting thoughts into words.	encoding
The recipient of the source’s message	receiver/audience
The medium through which the speaker sends a message is the	Channel
keeping the needs, values, attitudes, and wants of your listeners firmly in focus.	audience-centered perspective
a situation- specific social anxiety that arises from anticipating giving an oral presentation.	public-speaking anxiety (PSA)
a problem when we delay planning for the speech, or when it so preoc- cupies us that we miss vital information necessary to fulfill the speech assignment	pre-preparation anxiety
pronounced during the introduction of the speech when we are most aware of the audience’s attention	Performance anxiety
the practice of summoning feelings and actions consistent with successful performance	Visualization
The study of moral conduct	Ethics
speech involving issues of importance to the larger community, such as whether to decriminalize marijuana or engage in a military conflict.	public discourse
if you knew that what you were saying was false but said it anyway	reckless disregard for the truth
the open sharing of ideas in an atmo- sphere of respect	dialogic communication
istening that is focused and purpose- ful—isn’t possible under conditions that distract us	Active listening
people’s perceptions are subject to their own biases and expectations, leading them to pay attention selectively to certain messages while ignoring others.	selective perception