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level: Ionic Compounds

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Ionic Compounds

Question	Answer
What are ions made of	metal and non-metal ions joined by ionic bonds
How are ions formed?	when atoms lose or gain electrons to gain the stable electron arrangement of a noble gas
do metal atoms form positive or negative ions?	positive
do non-metal atoms form positive or negative ions?	negative
what is the ionic formula for potassium	K⁺
What is the ionic formula for calcium?	Ca²⁺
What is the ionic formula for phosphorus?	P³⁻
What is an ionic bond?	the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
what is the structure of an ionic compound?	ionic lattice
describe an ionic lattice	lattice structure of oppositely charged ions each positive ion surrounded by negative ions and vice versa
what is this an example of?	ionic lattice
why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?	lots of energy is required to break the strong ionic bonds in the lattice
what happens to an ionic lattice when an ionic compound is dissolved or melted	lattice structure breaks up allowing solvent molecules to surround separated ions. Ions are now free to move
do ionic compounds conduct in the solid state	no
why don't ionic compounds conduct in the solid state	ions are not free to move
do ionic compounds conduct when molten or in solution?	yes
why do ionic compounds conduct when molten or in solution	ions are free to move and carry a current
what is electrolysis	the process in which ions move towards oppositely charged electrodes during the conduction of an ionic solution or molten ionic compound
what non-metal is used as electrodes in conductivity apparatus for liquids?	carbon in the form of graphite