| What's a gene? | A small section of DNA found on a chromosome |
| What is the Hershy and Chase experiment? | Hershey and Chase showed that phages only injected their DNA into host bacteria, and that the DNA served as the replicating genetic element of phages |
| What does DNA stand for? | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DNA has | C, T, A, and G bases |
| RNA | C, A, G, U |
| How are DNA strands held together? | hydrogen bonds |
| Base pairing rules for DNA | A-T
G-C |
| What kinds of proteins help DNA rap itself around? | Histone Protein |
| What is the correct DNA replication mechanism? | Semi-conservative |
| What does DNA Hitopisomerase | travelers slightly ahead of the replication fork and alleviates coiling caused by the action helicase.. |
| What does the DNA helicase | travels along one DNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction and separates the DNA strands |
| What do single-stranded binding proteins do? | prevent strands from reannealing |
| What does DNA polymerase do? | adds base pairs to DNA during replication |
| What does DNA polymerase link? | can link nucleotides only in the 5' to 3' direction |
| What subunit does DNA belong to? | Nucleotide |
| What does DNA polymerase III do? | proofreads the DNA and corrects mistakes |
| What does topoisomerase do? | corrects "overwinding" ahead of replication forks by breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands |
| Whats does DNA primase do? | synthesizes DNA in the leading and lagging strand, removes RNA primers, and fills in gaps. |
| DNA ligase | covalently attaches adjacent Okazaki fragments |
| What are Okazaki fragments? | Short lengths of single-stranded DNA made on the lagging strand. |
| What is nucleotide excision repair? | A repair system that removes and then correctly replaces a damaged segment of DNA using the undamaged strand as a guide. |
