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level: Level 1 of Respiratory

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of Respiratory

Question	Answer
ABG	Arterial Blood Gas
ARF	Acute Respiratory Failure
BS	Breath Sound
CO2	Carbon dioxide
COLD	Chronic Obstructive Lungs Disease
COPD	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
CPAP	Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
CXR	Chest x-ray
LLL	Left Lower Lobe
LUL	Left Upper Lobe
O2	Oxygen
PFT	Pulmonary Function Test
PND	Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea
RDS	Respiratory Distress Syndrome
RLL	Right Lower Lobe
RUL	Right Upper Lobe
RML	Right Middle Lobe
SIDS	Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
TB	tuberculosis
TNA	Tonsilectomy and Adenoidectomy
URI	Upper Respiratory Infection
Abnormal buildup of fluid in the ankles, feet, and legs.	peripheral edema
Abnormally round and bulging chest	Barrel chest- COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Sunken/cave-in chest Pectus excavatum	Funnel chest
Protrusion chest Pectus carinatum	Pigeon chest
Spine curves one side, vertebrae rotated	Thoracic kyphoscoliosis
Extra or additional sounds heard	Adventitious sound
bubbling sound	crackles/rales
grasping (kumot) sound	Stridor
Whistling sound	Wheezes
dry, grating sound	Pleural rub
Snoring quality sound	rhonchi
Sounds change as the patient speaks or vocal fremitus	Transmitted voice sounds
Transmitted voice sounds:	Whispered pectoriloquy bronchophony egophony
"ee"; present if changes to a	egophony
cough (tussis)	reflex
production of sputum	mucoid/blood
total absence of oxygen in the body tissues	anoxia
Deficiency of oxygen in the body tissues	Hypoxia
coughing up blood	hemoptysis
painful, difficulty breathing	dyspnea
labored breathing in any posture except sitting or standing.	orthopnea
suffocation	asphyxia
common cold	coryza
barking coughing	croup
nosebleed	epistaxis
Physical Examination Terms: Sudden, forceful, involuntary contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi, causing narrowing and obstruction of the airway.	Bronchospasm
Physical Examination Terms: Ejection of mucus from the trachea and lungs by coughing and spitting	Expectoration
Physical Examination Terms: Act of exhaling air (exhalation)	Expiration
Physical Examination Terms: Act of inhaling air (inhalation)	Inspiration
Physical Examination Terms: Vibration in the chest wall that may be felt when a hand is applied to the thorax while the patient is speaking.	Tactile Fremitus
Respiratory patterns: Absence of breathing	Apnea
Respiratory patterns: Irregular periods of apnea alteration with periods of four or five breaths having same depth	Biot's breathing
Respiratory patterns: Unusually slow, regular respirations	Bradypnea
Respiratory patterns: Alternating periods of apnea and deep, rapid breathing	Cheyne-stokes respiration
Respiratory patterns: Normal respiratory rate and rhythm	Eupnea
Respiratory patterns: Faster and deeper respirations than normal, without pauses	Kussmaul's respiration
Respiratory patterns: abnormally rapid respiratory rate	Tachypnea
measures the acid-base balance or acidity (pH) and concentrations of gases, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood from an artery.	Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs)
used to examine the passageways of the tracheobronchial	bronchoscope
Nuclear scanning test that is most commonly used to detect a blood clot that is preventing normal blood flow to part of a lung.	Lung scan
Two types of lung scans:	Ventilation scan and perfusion scan
Two types of lung scans: Measures ventilation after inhalation of radioactive materials	Ventilation scan
Two types of lung scans: Measures blood supply to the lungs after injection of radioactive material	perfusion scan
using tuberculin (test material produced or made from products of the tuberculosis organism), it is injected on the skin	Tuberculin test
Measurement of the oxygen saturation of arterial blood by means of a photoelectric apparatus (also known as: oximeter)	Pulse oximetry
a photoelectric apparatus used to measure oxygen saturation of arterial blood	oximeter
Test done to assess breathing and how effective your lungs are able to bring oxygen to the rest of your body.	Pulmonary functions test (PFT):
Is the apparatus used to measure breathing volumes and capacities.	Spirometer
Surgical puncture of the chest for removal of air or fluids	Thoracentesis
Surgical removal of the adenoids	Adenoidectomy
Insertion of a tube into the larynx or trachea for entrance of air.	Intubation
Surgical removal of a lobe of the lung or of another organ	Lobectomy
Surgical repair of the lung	Pneumoplasty
Surgical incision of the trachea through the neck	Tracheotomy
Surgical opening into the trachea to form an airway or to prepare for the insertion of a tube for ventilation	Tracheostomy
Drugs: Agent that prevents responses mediated by histamine	Antihistamine
Drugs: Prevents and relieves coughing	Antitussive
Drugs: Relieves bronchial spasm and widens the bronchi	Bronchodilator
Drugs: Reduces swelling and congestion	Decongestant
Drugs: Aids in removal of bronchopulmonary secretions	Expectorant
Drugs: used to treat tuberculosis	isoniazid
Drugs: Loosens mucus to aid in its removal	Mucolytic