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level: Level 1 of 2. Cell division

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of 2. Cell division

Question	Answer
makes identical cells and produce body cells	mitosis
makes sperm	meiosis
growth, DNA replication and cell function	interphase
holds the DNA	nucleus
strands of replicated chromosomes	chromatids
part of chromosome where sister chromatids are held together	centromeres
human body has _ _ pairs of chromosomes	23
Each chromosome thus consists of _ _ sister chromatids	2
the complex of DNA and proteins contained in the nucleus, known as chromatin, condenses.	prophase
the nucleus dissolves and the cell's chromosomes condense and move together, aligning in the center of the dividing cell.	metaphase
the separation of two sister chromatids and their migration to the poles of the cell	anaphase
The separation of chromosomes is called:	disjunction
the process that separates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells.	Telophase
divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells.	Cytokinesis
makes sperm and egg cell	meiosis
reproductive cell of an animal or plant.	gametes
female gametes are called	ova or egg cells
male gametes are called	sperm
a sperm and ovum unite to form a new diploid organism.	fertilization
the human somatic cell contains __ chromosomes	46
the sex chromosome paired as XX	female
the sex chromosome paired as XY	male
In this phase the chromosomes in a diploid cell resegregate, producing four haploid daughter cells. The DNA replication is also occurs.	meiosis
involves the separation of homologous chromosomes.	prophase I
the homologous pairs of chromosomes align on either side of the equatorial plate	metaphase I
the homologues are pulled apart and move apart to opposite ends of the cell	anaphase I
stage in meiosis where in the microtubules break down, the nuclear membrane reforms, and the chromosomes return to an uncondensed state. The cell then divides into two haploid daughter cells by cytokinesis.	telophase 1
the chromosomes condense, and a new set of spindle fibers forms. Also, involves in the separation of sister chromatids.	prophase II
the centromeres of the paired chromatids align along the equatorial plate in both cells.	metaphase II
In this phase of meiosis II, there is a simultaneous splitting of the centromere of each chromosome and the sister chromatids are pulled away towards the opposite poles.	Anaphase II
nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes decondense. Cytokinesis splits the chromosome sets into new cells, forming the final products of meiosis: four haploid cells in which each chromosome has just one chromatid.	telophase II
the physical process of cell division, which divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells.	Cytokinesis