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level: DRUGS

Questions and Answers List

level questions: DRUGS

Question	Answer
Aminoglycosides for GI infections	Kanamycin, Neomycin, Paromomycin
Treatment for uncomplicated gonorrhea Aminoglycoside that differs chemically and microbiologically	Spectinomycin
1 It has a Deoxystreptamine structure 2 It has a Streptadine structure	1 Kanamycin, Neomycin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin 2 Streptomycin
Most effective for TB, brucellosis, tularemia, Yersinia infections	Streptomycin
For amoebic dysentery	Paromomycin
Exert a Synergistic effect	Aminoglycoside and Beta-lactam antibiotics
Synergistic against gentamicin-sensitive P. aeruginosa	1 Carbenicillin 2 Gentamicin
For Enterococcal Endocarditis	Penicillin G and Streptomycin or (Gentamicin/Kanamycin)
Less toxic than streptomycin Used in abdominal surgery to avoid complications caused by bacterial flora in bowel Isolated from Streptomyces fradiae Low toxicity and hypersensitive reactions Given in oral and topical only	Neomycin
Used in the treatment of GI infections caused by Shigella and Salmonella, E. coli Isolation from fermentation with Streptomyces spp Obtained from soil samples in Colombia Treatment of Intestinal Amebiasis	Paromomycin
It is used for the treatment of GI infections, such as dysentery and systemic gram negative bacillus infections caused by Kiebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacters For disinfection of GI before an operation Isolated from cultures of Streptomyces kanamyceticus	Kanamycin
The least toxic member of Kanamycin	Kanamycin A
Semisynthetic aminoglycoside prepared in Japan Synthesis involves simple acetylation of the 1 amino group of the deoxystreptamine ring of Kanamycin A. Resist attack by most bacteria-inactivating enzymes Effective against bacteria that are resistance to other aminoglycosides	Amikacin
Used against urinary infections caused gram -ve and pseudomonas Obtained form Micronospora purpurea Broad spectrum, strong activity against P. aeruginosa Topical cream or ointment: skin infections	Gentamicin sulfate BN: Garamycin
Most active of the chemically related aminoglycosides called nebramycins Obtained from a strain of Streptomyces tenebravius activity against Pseudomonas, exceeding that of gentamicin to twofold to fourfold	Tobramycin Sulfate 1976, BN: Nebcin
Used against gentamicin resistant pseudomonas and proteus 1-N-ethylsisomicin (Netromycin) Semisynthetic derivative prepared by reductive ethylation of sisomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic Obtained from Micronospora inyoensis Ethylation causes spacial hindrance against APH and ATN enzymes	Netilmicin Sulfate
Its antibacterial potency and effectiveness against aminoglycoside-inactivating enzymes resemble those of gentamicin	Sisomycin Sulfate
Isolated form Streptomyces spectabilis Once called actinospectin, first described by Lewis and Clapp deep IM administration Interferes with binding of tRNA to ribosomes, does not cause misreading of the messenger Bacteriostatic Alternative to pen G in uncomplicated gonorrhea	Spectinomycin HCl, Sterile