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level: Not Retained

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Not Retained

Question	Answer
is the MODALITY of drug administration that is chosen to reach the therapeutic objective. This depends on the drug used, the condition to be treated, and the patient’s characteristics. Characterization of drug disposition is an important prerequisite for determination or modification of __ for individuals and group of patients.	dosing regimens
The description of DRUG DISTRIBUTION and ELIMINATION is often termed	drug disposition
API + PA (excipients) will affect __	the final drug product’s performance
defined as the release of the drug substance from the drug product either for local drug action or for drug absorption into the plasma for systemic therapeutic activity. (Disposition)	Drug Product Performance
involves measuring plasma antibiotic concentrations at a specific time in a dosing regimen and dosing in special populations - To individualize dosing	dose optimization
PK is also applied to __ for VERY POTENT DRUGS such as those with a NARROW therapeutic range, in order to optimize efficacy and to prevent any adverse toxicity.	therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)
serves as an important DIAGNOSTIC TOOL in the clinical evaluation of patients treated with critical-dose drugs	drug concentration monitoring
indicates past drug exposures as it contain drug metabolites ex. heroin	Hair samples
It is generated by obtaining the drug concentration in plasma samples taken at VARIOUS TIME INTERVALS after a drug product is administered.	Plasma drug concentrations - Time Curve
The duration of action of a drug is known as its __. This is the period of time required for the concentration or amount of drug in the body to be reduced by one-half. We usually consider the half life of a drug in relation to the amount of the drug in plasma. A drug's plasma __ depends on how quickly the drug is eliminated from the plasma	half life
The MAXIMUM and MINIMUM drug concentrations achieved during repeated dosing cycles	Peak and trough concentrations
is the difference between the ONSET TIME and the time for the drug to decline back to MEC	Duration of drug action
relates to the amount of drug absorbed systematically	AUC
the difference between PEAK DRUG concentration and MEC	Intensity of pharmacologic effect
is related to the dose, the rate constant for absorption, and the elimination constant of the drug.	Peak plasma level (Cmax)