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level: Level 2

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 2

Question	Answer
In Patient prescribing	1 Routine drug orders 2) I.V orders 3 (Total Parenteral Nutrition ) TPN 4 Self medication 5 Automatic stop orders 6 New medication order must be written by the physician if a change is wanted in route of administration or in dosage 7 Discharge prescription 8 Emergency (STAT)orders
Medication order written on patient order form is deemed a legal Rx Legible copy is forwarded to Pharmacy Orders written by medical students must be countersigned Quantities need not to be specified	a. Routine Drug Orders
Must be written in the same manners as routine drugs and the ff information: - Exact quantity of the drugs which must be added - The exact volume and name of the infusate solution - Specific directions for administrations such as iv drip, IV bolus, IV push - Specific time to hang the infusate solution and drip rate - Specific directions for continuing or discontinuing any IV medications.	b. IV orders
Serve as a nutritional infusion providing essential amino acids, carbohydrates and electrolytes Patients incapable of ingesting, digesting or absorbing food substances given by mouth.	c. Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
Only NITROGLYCERIN and ANTACIDS may be left to the patients bedside for this if so ordered by physicians	d. Self medication
Instances when the physicians did not specify the exact number of doses or duration of therapy 24 hours-controlled drugs 7 days for all drugs	e. Automatic stop orders
All drug orders are automatically cancelled and must be re-written following surgery except for the following:	a) DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES which DO NOT TRANSGRESS THE MAJOR BODY CAVITIES b) CLOSED PROCEDURES done by means of CATHETER INSERTION c) GROIN REPAIR d) ICU patients
Separate rx is required for each medication which the patient is to take home. Received prior to discharge May result in the patient to wait which is not consistent with good patient care.	g. Discharge Rx
Bonafide emergency orders should be rare and in most cases obtained from the nursing station emergency drug supplies. Transmitted in writing on the pharmacy copy of the patient order form Prevent unnecessary delay and confusion	H. Emergency (STAT) orders
also called Drug use evaluation is a system of ongoing, systematic, criteria-based drug evaluation that ensures the appropriate use of drugs. It is a method of obtaining information to identify problems of drug use. Defined as the prescribing, dispensing, administering and ingesting of prescription drugs.	DRUG UTILIZATION REVIEW
To help improve the prescribing practices by promoting the safe and rational use of drugs. To detect and help prevent potential drug interactions. To help detect and prevent adverse drug reaction in sensitive patients To detect and prevent IV additive incompatibilities To detect drug-induces lab test abnormalities To detect possible drug-induces diseases To help detect and prevent potential drug toxicities	Patient Drug Profile