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level: Level 1 of PCP AND Medication or Drug Related Problem.pptx

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of PCP AND Medication or Drug Related Problem.pptx

Question	Answer
Defined as "the responsible provision of drug therapy for the purpose of achieving definite therapeutic outcomes that improve the patients quality of life" Used for many years and gained widespread acceptance to describe the Pharmacist’s professional aspiration describes ‘what the patient is intended to receive”	Pharmaceutical Care
places due emphasis on prevention, on preventing deterioration by maintenance of control of a condition rather than on responding to a crisis -provides a concise definition of what pharmacists are doing- i.e using their close patient contact to monitor the effects of medication and to provide safeguards to help doctors and patients obtain best possible results form drug therapy.	“care”
Why is Pharmaceutical Care Important?	1 MULTIPLE PRESCRIBERS 2 EXPLOSION DRUG PRODUCTS AND DRUG INFORMATION 3 Increase COMPLEXITY OF DRUG THERAPY 4 Significant level of DRUG-RELATED MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY 5 HIGH FINANCIAL COST of drug misadventure 6 Social NEED TO ADDRESS DRUG-RELATED PROBLEMS (DRP) MEI SHS
Primary Responsibilities of Pharmacist	a. To ensure patient’s drug therapy is safe, effective and efficient b. To identify, resolve, and prevent any DRPs c. To ensure that the patient’s therapeutic goals are met and optimal health-related outcomes are attained
> DRUG TREATMENT- complex outcomes involving atleast three parties > For higher LEVELS OF CARE in individual patients, there is a need to clarify the respective responsibilities of these parties > A COMPLEX PROCESS then becomes more amenable to control.	Responsible Provision
Responsible Provision 1 complex outcomes INVOLVING AT LEAST THREE PARTIES For HIGHER LEVELS OF CARE in individual patients, there is a need to clarify the respective responsibilities of these parties	. 1 drug treatment
> CAREFUL OPTIMIZATION OF DRUG THERAPY requires an assessment of what has been achieved against what was expected > Outcomes of drug tx must be ASSESSED AGAINST DEFINITE GOALS > there is an ↑ striving for better ways of measuring and RECORDING CLINICAL OUTCOMES	Definite Outcomes
Definite Outcomes 1 __ requires an assessment of what has been ACHIEVED against what was EXPECTED	. 1 careful optimization of drug therapy
> Patient EXPECTS AN IMPROVEMENT in the way they are able to conduct their lives > While it is subjective, it is a potentially important PARAMETER FOR MONITORING in the individual patient > Using Validated questionnaires, it can become a MEASURABLE ENDPOINT OF DRUG TREATMENT > Effective clinical practitioners instinctively SEEK OUT EVIDENCE OF THE IMPACT OF THEIR CARE TO THEIR PATIENTS	Quality of Life
Drug Therapy 1 process of securing __ from drug therapy is becoming increasingly complex- patients may receive medication unnecessarily 2 __ are made under circumstances in which patients are not fully informed or involved-> patient should be part of that decision if they do require medication	. 1 best results 2 decisions to start, to continue, to change or discontinue a drug
Drug Therapy 1 concept of MEETING INDIVIDUAL PATIENT’S PARTICULAR NEEDS 2 Securing __ in decision making and in monitoring patient’s progress are important objectives in pharmaceutical care.	. 1 “optimization” 2 patient’s commitment and ensuring continuity
Drug Therapy 1 Objectives 2 Outcome	. 1 > Cure > Reduce or eliminate symptom > Slow down disease progression > Prevention 2 > ↑ pt. quality of life/wellbeing > ↑ work productivity > Save cost
Pharmaceutical Care Process	1 Collect 2 Assess 3 Plan 4 Implement 5 Monitor 6 Follow Up CAPtain IMF
Constructing PCP	1. IDENTIFY THE PHARMACEUTICAL CARE ISSUES >”medical-related problems” ex. Uncontrolled BP, irregular home glucose monitoring, non-compliance to diet 2. PRIORITIZE the care issues 3.Determine the ACTION to be taken 4. RECORD the action taken 5. Record the OUTCOME of the action taken IP DRR
> the process by which RPh EVALUATES PATIENT INFORMATION (subjective & objective) from pt. and medical records and makes decisions regarding: 1. health status of the pt. 2. Drug therapy needs & problems 3. Intervention (care plan) 4. Follow-up	Patient Assessment
> It includes IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MONITORING PLAN >e.g. a. contact pt. to evaluate compliance or side effects b. measuring vitals signs or checking other physical or lab data	Follow-up
> VALUABLE COMMUNICATION TOOL for FUTURE ENCOUNTERS with patients and other health care professionals > Provides PERMANENT RECORD of patient information >Provide EVIDENCE of pharm care activities > Serves as a LEGAL RECORD of patient care provided > “What is not written is not done”	Documentation
Various ways to document patient care & PCP	a. SOAP format b. FARM format c. “IAO” (care issues, action, outcome) format
Challenges in Pharmaceutical Care	1. Knowledge and skills update 2. Communication with patient 3. Communication with doctors 4. Time management KCC Ta