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level: REPORT 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: REPORT 1

QuestionAnswer
an establishment of the individuality of a person either dead or livingDental identification
Ancestry:Carabelli traitEuropean
Ancestry:bilobate chinEuropean
Ancestry:undulating mandibular borderEuropean
Ancestry:deep canine fossaeEuropean
Ancestry:multicusped and multiple premolarsAfrican
Ancestry:maxillary midline diastemasAfrican
Ancestry:straight mandibular borderAfrican
Ancestry:prognathismAfrican
Ancestry:shovel shaped incisorsasian
Ancestry:incisor rotationsasian
Ancestry:buccal pitsasian
Ancestry:extension of the enamel below the general contour of the enamel border on the buccal surface of mandibular molars, often into the furcationasian
Postmortem record is usually on what formpink form
This profile may provide information on the decedent’s age, ancestry, sex, location of origin or residence, occupation, habits, lifestyle behavior, past or present systemic diseases, and socioeconomic statusPOSTMORTEM RECORD
POSTMORTEM RECORD locate, identify and document:anatomical structures, dental restorations, dental appliance
establish postmortem dental profiling in cases where there is no _____ of the individualpresumptive identity
may help to limit the population pool of possible victims, thus directing the investigator to a presumptive identification of the individual and a potential identification.POSTMORTEM RECORD
This profile may provide information on the decedent’s age, ancestry, sex, location of origin or residence, occupation, habits, lifestyle behavior, past or present systemic diseases, and socioeconomic statusPOSTMORTEM RECORD
microscopic examination of the pulp tissue observing the nuclei of somatic cells: femalesbarr bodies
microscopic examination of the pulp tissue observing the nuclei of somatic cells: malesno barr bodies
Because of the high degree of fragility of burned teeth, extreme care must be taken during the postmortem examination to prevent additional. A recommended technique is to apply a stabilizing adhesive such as ________ to the fragile teeth to help maintain their anatomical integritycyanoacrylate cement
used to stabilize calcined teeth.Transparent nail polish, hair spray, or cyanoacrylate
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION: The ____used by the local authoritycase number
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The name of the person ____ your servicesrequesting
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The ____ you were contacteddate and time
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The date and time that the ____examination occurred
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The ______ of the examinationjurisdiction and the location
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The ____ at the time of the examinationperson(s) that was/were present
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The name of the ________ assigned to the casemedical examiner or coroner
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The _____, and approximate agegender, race
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:In some cases, a ________ may be available, which should also be recordedputative identification
When the specimen is skeletonized, resected, or badly burned, the x-ray exposure settings may require a reduction in the beam’s energy by as much as ____50%
identifiable and observable aspects of a person's body or other evidence in a crime sceneVIEWABLE REMAINS
aspects of a crime scene or evidence that are not easily visible to the naked eye or require specialized tools and techniques for detection or analysisNONVIEWABLE REMAINS
postmortem change resulting in the stiffening of the body muscles due to chemical changes in their myofibrilsRigor mortis
“rigor becomes apparent within _____, increases progressively to a maximum within ____, remains for about ______, and then progressively disappears within the following _____” - Spitz and Fisherhalf an hour to an hour; twelve hours; ten to twelve hours; twelve hours
Generated during a person’s lifetimeANTEMORTEM RECORD
crucial step in dental identification and the quality of these records is totally dependent in practicing dentists keeping accurate records of the dental status of their patients.ANTEMORTEM RECORD
uses specific characteristics to come to a reasonable basis of identity for the unknown individualPresumptive/putative identification
Presumptive/putative identification:often based on ____________ and can assist in the accumulation of medical/dental records to be used in the scientific identification processcircumstantial evidence
CONCLUSIONS:The antemortem and postmortem data match in sufficient detail to establish that they are from the same individual. In addition, there are no irreconcilable discrepanciesPositive identification
CONCLUSIONS:The antemortem and postmortem data have consistent features, but, due to the quality of either the postmortem remains or the antemortem evidence, it is not possible to positively establish dental identificationPossible identification
CONCLUSIONS:The available information is insufficient to form the basis for a conclusionInsufficient evidence
CONCLUSIONS:The antemortem and postmortem data are clearly inconsistentExclusion
Occasions may arise where the examiner is working with skeletal remains and is unable to locate dental records. Identification then may be attempted by the use ofphotographic facial superimposition
The skull is then photographed in an attempt to match the exact position of the three planes seen in the photograph of the individualphotographic facial superimposition
The examiner will then compare the following common features seen in the superimposed images: the outline of the skull to the soft tissues of the face, the orbit to the eye, the brow ridges to the eyebrows, the zygomatic process to the cheek bones, the nasal aperture to the nose, and, most importantly, the superimposition of the teeth. Often, ___ is done concordantly with this techniqueDNA
When the medical examiner’s investigative process toward establishing a presumptive identity for the victim is unsuccessfully complete; combination of science and artanthropologist
The forensic artist will consult with many different forensic specialists before beginning the reconstruction: estimated age, ancestry, sex, and statureforensic dentist
The forensic artist will consult with many different forensic specialists before beginning the reconstruction:racial characteristics seen in the teeth and any unusual dental traits or anomaliesforensic dentist
The forensic artist will consult with many different forensic specialists before beginning the reconstruction:hair color, eye glasses, facial hair, and unusual clothing or jewelrylaw enforcement agencies
methods of facial reconstruction:sketch of the unidentified accomplished upon life size photographs of the skull2-D method
methods of facial reconstruction:clay to be applied to the actual skull in an attempt to render a sculpture of the unidentified subject3-D method
3-D method: The artist uses known _____ for each anatomical location of the skull“tissue thickness stops”
study of the patterns formed by the wrinkles and grooves of the labial mucosa (sulci labiorum) forming a characteristic pattern described as “lip prints”Cheiloscopy
In 1974, _________confirmed that the lip print was the same trauma and after healingSuzuki and Tschihashi
CHEILOSCOPY: As described by Fisher in 1902, it was first used in criminology in 1932 by ________ in FranceEdmond Locard
Problems with dental identification1. Absence of antemortem records 2. Absence of acquired dental tracts for identification 3. Limitations for storing dental records for certain period 4. Poor quality dental record