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Index
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FRDENT1
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MIDTERMS
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REPORT 1
level: REPORT 1
Questions and Answers List
level questions: REPORT 1
Question
Answer
an establishment of the individuality of a person either dead or living
Dental identification
Ancestry:Carabelli trait
European
Ancestry:bilobate chin
European
Ancestry:undulating mandibular border
European
Ancestry:deep canine fossae
European
Ancestry:multicusped and multiple premolars
African
Ancestry:maxillary midline diastemas
African
Ancestry:straight mandibular border
African
Ancestry:prognathism
African
Ancestry:shovel shaped incisors
asian
Ancestry:incisor rotations
asian
Ancestry:buccal pits
asian
Ancestry:extension of the enamel below the general contour of the enamel border on the buccal surface of mandibular molars, often into the furcation
asian
Postmortem record is usually on what form
pink form
This profile may provide information on the decedent’s age, ancestry, sex, location of origin or residence, occupation, habits, lifestyle behavior, past or present systemic diseases, and socioeconomic status
POSTMORTEM RECORD
POSTMORTEM RECORD locate, identify and document:
anatomical structures, dental restorations, dental appliance
establish postmortem dental profiling in cases where there is no _____ of the individual
presumptive identity
may help to limit the population pool of possible victims, thus directing the investigator to a presumptive identification of the individual and a potential identification.
POSTMORTEM RECORD
This profile may provide information on the decedent’s age, ancestry, sex, location of origin or residence, occupation, habits, lifestyle behavior, past or present systemic diseases, and socioeconomic status
POSTMORTEM RECORD
microscopic examination of the pulp tissue observing the nuclei of somatic cells: females
barr bodies
microscopic examination of the pulp tissue observing the nuclei of somatic cells: males
no barr bodies
Because of the high degree of fragility of burned teeth, extreme care must be taken during the postmortem examination to prevent additional. A recommended technique is to apply a stabilizing adhesive such as ________ to the fragile teeth to help maintain their anatomical integrity
cyanoacrylate cement
used to stabilize calcined teeth.
Transparent nail polish, hair spray, or cyanoacrylate
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION: The ____used by the local authority
case number
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The name of the person ____ your services
requesting
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The ____ you were contacted
date and time
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The date and time that the ____
examination occurred
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The ______ of the examination
jurisdiction and the location
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The ____ at the time of the examination
person(s) that was/were present
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The name of the ________ assigned to the case
medical examiner or coroner
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The _____, and approximate age
gender, race
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:In some cases, a ________ may be available, which should also be recorded
putative identification
When the specimen is skeletonized, resected, or badly burned, the x-ray exposure settings may require a reduction in the beam’s energy by as much as ____
50%
identifiable and observable aspects of a person's body or other evidence in a crime scene
VIEWABLE REMAINS
aspects of a crime scene or evidence that are not easily visible to the naked eye or require specialized tools and techniques for detection or analysis
NONVIEWABLE REMAINS
postmortem change resulting in the stiffening of the body muscles due to chemical changes in their myofibrils
Rigor mortis
“rigor becomes apparent within _____, increases progressively to a maximum within ____, remains for about ______, and then progressively disappears within the following _____” - Spitz and Fisher
half an hour to an hour; twelve hours; ten to twelve hours; twelve hours
Generated during a person’s lifetime
ANTEMORTEM RECORD
crucial step in dental identification and the quality of these records is totally dependent in practicing dentists keeping accurate records of the dental status of their patients.
ANTEMORTEM RECORD
uses specific characteristics to come to a reasonable basis of identity for the unknown individual
Presumptive/putative identification
Presumptive/putative identification:often based on ____________ and can assist in the accumulation of medical/dental records to be used in the scientific identification process
circumstantial evidence
CONCLUSIONS:The antemortem and postmortem data match in sufficient detail to establish that they are from the same individual. In addition, there are no irreconcilable discrepancies
Positive identification
CONCLUSIONS:The antemortem and postmortem data have consistent features, but, due to the quality of either the postmortem remains or the antemortem evidence, it is not possible to positively establish dental identification
Possible identification
CONCLUSIONS:The available information is insufficient to form the basis for a conclusion
Insufficient evidence
CONCLUSIONS:The antemortem and postmortem data are clearly inconsistent
Exclusion
Occasions may arise where the examiner is working with skeletal remains and is unable to locate dental records. Identification then may be attempted by the use of
photographic facial superimposition
The skull is then photographed in an attempt to match the exact position of the three planes seen in the photograph of the individual
photographic facial superimposition
The examiner will then compare the following common features seen in the superimposed images: the outline of the skull to the soft tissues of the face, the orbit to the eye, the brow ridges to the eyebrows, the zygomatic process to the cheek bones, the nasal aperture to the nose, and, most importantly, the superimposition of the teeth. Often, ___ is done concordantly with this technique
DNA
When the medical examiner’s investigative process toward establishing a presumptive identity for the victim is unsuccessfully complete; combination of science and art
anthropologist
The forensic artist will consult with many different forensic specialists before beginning the reconstruction: estimated age, ancestry, sex, and stature
forensic dentist
The forensic artist will consult with many different forensic specialists before beginning the reconstruction:racial characteristics seen in the teeth and any unusual dental traits or anomalies
forensic dentist
The forensic artist will consult with many different forensic specialists before beginning the reconstruction:hair color, eye glasses, facial hair, and unusual clothing or jewelry
law enforcement agencies
methods of facial reconstruction:sketch of the unidentified accomplished upon life size photographs of the skull
2-D method
methods of facial reconstruction:clay to be applied to the actual skull in an attempt to render a sculpture of the unidentified subject
3-D method
3-D method: The artist uses known _____ for each anatomical location of the skull
“tissue thickness stops”
study of the patterns formed by the wrinkles and grooves of the labial mucosa (sulci labiorum) forming a characteristic pattern described as “lip prints”
Cheiloscopy
In 1974, _________confirmed that the lip print was the same trauma and after healing
Suzuki and Tschihashi
CHEILOSCOPY: As described by Fisher in 1902, it was first used in criminology in 1932 by ________ in France
Edmond Locard
Problems with dental identification
1. Absence of antemortem records 2. Absence of acquired dental tracts for identification 3. Limitations for storing dental records for certain period 4. Poor quality dental record