| Dalton's model proposed that atoms were tiny, indivisible spheres without any internal structure. | John Dalton's Model of the Atom |
| What did John Dalton propose about the structure of atoms? | John Dalton proposed that atoms were tiny, indivisible spheres without any internal structure. |
| Less than a decade after Dalton's model, the discovery of subatomic particles, such as electrons, revealed that atoms could be divided into smaller components. | Discovery of Subatomic Particles |
| What changed the understanding of atomic structure shortly after Dalton's model was proposed? | The discovery of subatomic particles, like electrons, changed the understanding of atomic structure shortly after Dalton's model was proposed. |
| Subatomic particles with a negative electric charge, discovered shortly after Dalton's model of the atom. | Electrons |
| What are electrons and when were they discovered? | Electrons are subatomic particles with a negative electric charge, discovered shortly after Dalton's model of the atom. |
| Experiments conducted in the early 20th century that involved firing alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold foil, revealing the structure of the atom's nucleus. | Alpha Particle Scattering Experiments |
| What were alpha particle scattering experiments designed to investigate? | Alpha particle scattering experiments were designed to investigate the structure of the atom's nucleus. |
| The alpha particle scattering experiments showed that atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. | Structure of the Atom |
| What did alpha particle scattering experiments reveal about the structure of the atom? | Alpha particle scattering experiments revealed that atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. |
| Subatomic particles with a positive electric charge, discovered as a result of experiments investigating the structure of the atom. | Protons |
| What are protons and how were they discovered? | Protons are subatomic particles with a positive electric charge, discovered as a result of experiments investigating the structure of the atom. |
| Subatomic particles with no electric charge, discovered along with protons as constituents of the atom's nucleus. | Neutrons |
| What are neutrons and when were they discovered? | Neutrons are subatomic particles with no electric charge, discovered along with protons as constituents of the atom's nucleus. |
| The discovery of subatomic particles led to the evolution of atomic models from Dalton's simple sphere model to the modern understanding of atomic structure. | Evolution of Atomic Model |
| How did the discovery of subatomic particles influence the development of atomic models? | The discovery of subatomic particles led to the evolution of atomic models from Dalton's simple sphere model to the modern understanding of atomic structure. |
| The arrangement of subatomic particles within an atom. | Atomic Structure |
| What is the structure of an atom? | An atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons in shells. |
| The central region of an atom, containing protons and neutrons. | Nucleus |
| What is the nucleus of an atom composed of? | The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and neutrons. |
| Positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. | Protons |
| Where are protons located in an atom? | Protons are located in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. | Neutrons |
| What is the role of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom? | Neutrons help stabilize the nucleus and contribute to its mass. |
| Negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. | Electrons |
| Where are electrons located in an atom? | Electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom in specific energy levels called shells. |
| Fixed energy levels around the nucleus where electrons are found. | Shells |
| What are electron shells? | Electron shells are specific energy levels around the nucleus where electrons orbit. |
| The majority of the volume of an atom that contains no particles. | Empty Space |
| What occupies most of the volume within an atom? | Most of the volume within an atom is empty space, with the nucleus and electrons occupying a small portion. |
| A subatomic particle with a relative charge of +1, found in the nucleus of an atom. | Proton |
| What is the relative charge of a proton? | The relative charge of a proton is +1. |
| A subatomic particle with a relative charge of 0, found in the nucleus of an atom. | Neutron |
| What is the relative charge of a neutron? | The relative charge of a neutron is 0. |
| A subatomic particle with a relative charge of -1, found outside the nucleus of an atom. | Electron |
| What is the relative charge of an electron? | The relative charge of an electron is -1. |
| An atom with equal numbers of protons and electrons, resulting in no overall charge. | Neutral Atom |
| How does the number of protons compare to the number of electrons in a neutral atom? | In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. |
| A fundamental property of matter, either positive or negative, that affects how particles interact with each other. | Charge |
| What is the overall charge of an atom with equal numbers of protons and electrons? | An atom with equal numbers of protons and electrons has no overall charge, making it electrically neutral. |
| A subatomic particle with a relative mass of approximately 1, found next to neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. | Proton |
| What is the relative mass of a proton? | The relative mass of a proton is approximately 1. |
| A subatomic particle with a relative mass of approximately 1, found next to protons in the nucleus of an atom. | Neutron |
| What is the relative mass of a neutron? | The relative mass of a neutron is approximately 1. |
| A subatomic particle with a very small relative mass, found outside the nucleus of an atom. | Electron |
| What is the relative mass of an electron compared to a proton or neutron? | The relative mass of an electron is much smaller than that of a proton or neutron and is considered negligible. |
| The central part of an atom, containing protons and neutrons, and contributing to almost all of the atom's mass. | Nucleus |
| What part of the atom contains protons and neutrons, contributing to almost all of its mass? | Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus of an atom. |
| The mass of a particle relative to another particle, often expressed in comparison to the mass of a proton (which is assigned a value of 1). | Relative Mass |
| How is the relative mass of an atom determined based on its constituent particles? | The relative mass of an atom is determined by adding the relative masses of its protons and neutrons, as the relative mass of electrons is negligible compared to protons and neutrons. |
| The basic unit of a chemical element, consisting of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in orbitals. | Atom |
| What is the approximate radius of an atom? | The radius of an atom is approximately 0.1 nanometers (1 × 10^-10 meters). |
| The central part of an atom, containing protons and neutrons, and contributing to almost all of the atom's mass. | Nucleus |
| How does the size of the nucleus compare to the overall size of the atom? | The nucleus of an atom is significantly smaller than the overall size of the atom, with a radius of about 1 × 10^-5 nanometers (1 × 10^-14 meters), which is over 10,000 times smaller than the radius of the whole atom. |
| The measure of the amount of matter in an object, typically expressed in kilograms or grams. | Mass |
| Where is almost all of the mass of an atom concentrated? | Almost all of the mass of an atom is concentrated in its nucleus. |
| The distance from the center of a circle or sphere to its outer edge. | Radius |
| What is the significance of the nucleus in terms of an atom's mass? | Although the nucleus of an atom is very small compared to the overall size of the atom, it contains almost all of the atom's mass. |
