| How did the earliest rangers start? | During the 1600’s, the word “range” in the English language was used to describe the movement of soldiers while they patrolled an area. Thus soldiers who ranged were called Rangers |
| Who was the most famous early ranger in king Philips war? | CPT Benjamin
Church |
| What did MAJ Roger Roberts do? (French and Indian War) | MAJ Robert Rogers recruited nine companies from
among the continentals and identified them as Rangers. He published a list of 28 common sense rules, and a set of 19 standing orders which stressed operational readiness, security and tactics, some of which are applicable still today. |
| Who were the "corps of rangers"? (1775) | The Continental Congress resolved that a total of 10
companies of expert riflemen be immediately raised: six companies in Pennsylvania, two in Maryland and two in Virginia. This force of hardy frontiersmen provided the leadership and experience necessary to form the organization |
| Who was the first commander of the corps of rangers? | Colonel Daniel Morgan |
| What did the 'corps of rangers' become known as? | Morgan's rifleman |
| What were Morgan's riflemen known for? | Their service ran from 1775 to 1781, some of their most famous battles were fought at Freeman’s Farm and at the Battle of Cow Pen against General Cornwallis’ British troops. Used 'crack shots' |
| Who was Francis Marion, also known as “The Swamp Fox"? | organized another Ranger element
during the Revolutionary War known as Marion’s Partisans. Marion’s Partisans worked both independently and jointly with General George Washington’s Army |
| Who was Colonel John Singleton Mosby (Confederate) | was the most famous Confederate Ranger during the
Civil War. Mosby was influenced by Francis Marion’s tactics from the Revolutionary War and used many of his tactics in conducting night raids on Union camps and bases. Mosby’s Rangers used the cover of darkness to their advantage during the Civil War,
which was a tactic seldom used up to that point. |
| Who was General John Hunt Morgan (Confederate) | Morgan and his confederate raiders (Calvary type) began their famous attacks in December 1861. In 1863 General John Morgan led one of the deepest penetration’s into Union Territory by Southern forces. |
| CPT Samuel Means (Union) | were a Union Ranger independent cavalry unit drawn from
(Lawdun) Loudoun County, Virginia. Mean’s Rangers were commanded by CPT Samuel Means and had the primary task of combating the Confederate partisan Rangers in Virginia. |
| WWII Foundation | With the War in the Pacific growing, the United States needed a force ready to conduct operations in Europe as the Nazi Occupation continued to grow. The idea was developed that a force would go forward and train with the battle tested British Commandos and learn lessons that could be disseminated throughout the Army prior to its activation in the European and African theaters |
| 11 June 1942 – MAJ William O. Darby | begins selection of soldiers in England for the
1st Ranger Battalion |
| Where was the first Ranger battalion formed? (WWII) | 19 June 1942 |
| Where was the first ranger battalion formed? (WWII) | Carrickfergus, Northern Ireland |
| Who were the first rangers to see ground combat in WWII? | 50 volunteers from 1st Battalion under CPT Roy
Murray participated in the British and Canadian raid on Dieppe, August 19, 1942 |
| What battalions made up the ranger force? | 1st, 3rd, and 4th |
| Where were the 2nd and 5th battalions stood up? (WWII) | Camp Forrest, TN |
| Which battalions participated in attack on Cisterna? (WWII/Italy) | 1st and 3rd would lead with 4th ID in reserve ish |
| Who led the attack on Cisterna? | COL William O. Darby |
| What was the result of Cisterna? | The infiltration began at 0100 hours on January 30, 1944, and soon developed into a disaster. Fighting off tanks and infantry supported by machine guns, mortars, and artillery, the lightly armed Rangers were outgunned.
Marked the end of the "ranger force" |
| Who participated in operation overlord? | The 2nd Ranger Battalion drew the mission of making sure that 6x 155mm guns were destroyed. Dog, Easy, and Fox Companies of 2nd Ranger Battalion conducted the assault on point du Hoc. After the landings and the fight to get to the top, only 75 out of 225 would be combat effective. |
| What was the result of operation overlord at point du hoc? | The men patrolling found tracks and followed them inland about a mile to find them unattended but ready to fire. They destroyed them with thermite grenades. It took the Rangers two hours to complete the mission |
| What was the result of operation overlord at Omaha beach? | Rangers were key in getting US forces off Omaha Beach. Able, Baker, and Charlie Companies of the 2nd Ranger Battalion and the entire 5th Ranger Battalion landed on Omaha Beach. |
| Who coined the phrase "rangers lead the way" (Omaha beach WWII) | Brig. Gen. Norman Cota, second in command of the 29th Division |
| Who led the raid on Cabanatuan? (Philippines/ WW2) | CPT Robert Prince and 121 hand picked soldiers |
| When was the raid on Cabanatuan? (Philippines/WWII) | Jan 28th 1945 |
| How far did ranger have to go in the raid on Cabanatuan? (Philippines/WWII) | 30 miles and low crawling one |
| What was the result of the Raid on Cabanatuan? | Rangers surrounded the camp without being detected. The Rangers lost two and four wounded in taking the camp. Japanese losses are uncertain; Most scholars believe around 200, one estimate is 530 enemy killed |
| Who led the Merrills Marauders/5307th Composite Unit (Burma/WWII)? | Maj Gen Frank Merrill |
| How were the Merrill Marauders divided up? | Three battalions, two combat teams per |
| What colors represented the combat teams of the Merrill Marauders? | red, white, blue, green, orange, and khaki |
| What did the Merrill Marauders do in Burma? | In February 1944, 2,750 Marauders arrived in Burma and began an epic five-month,1,000 mile trek behind Japanese lines. The Unit included a transport company equipped with mules. |
| What happened in the Merrill Marauders do in their last mission? (Myitkyina, AUG 1944) | on their final mission to secure (mitch-in-aw) Myitkyina, the only
all-weather airfield in the region, the Marauders suffered 272 killed, 955 wounded, and 980 evacuated for sickness. Merrill refused evacuation after a heart-attack before falling ill with malaria.
By the time the airfield was secured, fewer than 200 Marauders were left out of the original 2,750 who had marched into Burma. |
| What was the composition of Rangers in Korea? | In Korea, 17 companies (Two training companies, 15 Infantry) were formed and trained but only 8 were sent to Korea for combat. |
| Who was the only all- African American company in the history of the army? | The 4th Ranger company originally, later re-designated the 2nd Ranger Company prior to deployment to Korea, was the only all- African American Ranger unit in the history of the Army. |
| Who executed the first ranger combat jump? (23 MAR 1951) | the first Ranger combat jump by 2nd and 4th Ranger companies at Munsan-ni on 23 March 1951. |
| What special forces group was formed in part with rangers from Korean war? | 10th Special Forces Group. |
| What was the composition of rangers in Vietnam? | 15 Ranger Companies were formed during the Vietnam war, of which 13 conducted combat operations ( C - P co. minus J ). The other 2 (A/Bco were stateside) formed the 75th Infantry Regiment. |
| What color were berets in Vietnam? | Black. Volunteers were assigned to a company and were permitted to don the black beret and company scroll after they had performed well on a series of patrols. |
| What did the majority of ranger mission consist of in Vietnam? | reconnaissance and locating lines of communication; special missions consisted of wire tap, obtaining specific EPW’s, platoon and company raids, and battle damage assessment following B-52 strikes. |
| Who formulated the idea of the modern ranger (1973+) | General Creighton Abrams, Army Chief of Staff formulated the idea of the reformation of the first battalion-sized Ranger units since World War II. |
| When was 1/75 activated? | The 1st Ranger Battalion was activated 31 January 1974, and officially took ranks on 1 July 1974 in Fort Stewart, GA. |
| Who wrote the ranger creed? | CSM Neal R. Gentry, 1st Ranger Battalion’s first CSM |
| When was 2/75 activated? | 2nd Ranger Battalion was later activated on 1 October 1974 in Fort Lewis, Washington. |
| What was the first operation of the modern rangers? | Operation Eagle Claw was the first action the newly founded rangers would participate in. Iranian militants had stormed the US embassy in Iran and took 54 hostages. |
| What was the result of operation Eagle Claw? April 24th 1980 | Unfortunately, an accident occurred during the early parts of the operation when a helicopter drifted into a C-130 at a refueling site, resulting in eight dead. The mission was aborted on April 24th 1980.
With the failed mission came the creation of the Joint Special Operations Command. |
| What happened in operation Urgent Fury? (1983, Grenada) On 25 October 1983 | Rangers from Alpha and Bravo Companies, 1st Ranger Battalion
and elements of 2nd Ranger Battalion conducted an airfield seizure, jumping from 500ft into Point Salinas Airfield. Some Rangers had hot wired bull dozers to clear obstacles off the runway.
On the afternoon of 26 October 1983, these Rangers would fend off a counterattack of three armored personnel carries with gunships from the USS Independence, capturing 250 Cuban combatants. They later went on and rescued 138 American medical students |
| When was the 75th ranger regiment officially designated? | 3 FEB 1986 |
| When was 3/75 and HHC officially activated? | 3 OCT 1984 |
| Who participated in operation just cause (Panama) 20 December 1989 | On 20 December 1989, the entire 75th Ranger Regiment participated in the invasion of Panama. |
| What was the result of operation just cause (Panama)? 20 DEC 1989 | During Operation Just Cause, Rangers captured over 1000 Enemy Prisoners of War and secured over 18,000 enemy firearms. |
| How many casualties did ranger sustain during operation just cause (Panama)? | Rangers sustained 5 KIA and 42 wounded |
| Who deployed during operation Desert storm? (Gulf war) 15 APRIL 1991 | 12 February to 15 April 1991, Bravo Company, and 1st Platoon, Alpha company of 1st Ranger Battalion deployed to Saudi Arabia in support of Operation Desert Storm. |
| What did Bravo company and 1st PLT of Alpha company (1/75) do during operation desert storm? | They conducted one critical raid and provided a quick reaction force in cooperation with allied forces. |
| Who participated in Operation Gothic Serpent (Somalia)? 3 OCT 1993 | Bravo company and one platoon from Alpha Company of 3/75 |
| What was the mission of in rangers in Operation Gothic Serpent (Somalia)? 3 OCT 1993 | Their mission was to capture key leaders in order to end clan fighting in the city of Mogadishu. |
| What happened in operation uphold democracy (Haiti, 29 SEP 1991) | The announcement of American military involvement in Haiti convinced Cedras to back down, leading President Clinton to call off the operation while the Rangers were en route. |
| GWOT History: OBJ Rhino | elements of 3rd Ranger Battalion jumped onto a desert airstrip in Southern Afghanistan to seize a landing strip, establish a forward FARP and destroy major weapon systems. OBJ Rhino was the first operation for the 75th Ranger Regiment in Afghanistan. |
| GWOT History: Takur Ghar (Operation Anaconda) 4 MAR 2002 | The Rangers landed, counterattacked enemy positions, and secured a crashed helicopter and its crew. This mission showcased Regiment’s ability to effectively respond and adapt to any crisis. |
| GWOT History: Who participated in H1 Airfield operation (MAR 2003) | 3/75 |
| GWOT History: Why did 3/75 go into the H1 airfield? (MAR 2003) | to carry out a successful parachute assault in Southwestern Iraq near the Syrian border in order to secure a small desert landing strip to allow follow-on coalition forces into the area. |
| GWOT History: Why did 3/75 go into the H1 airfield? | To carry out a successful parachute assault in Southwestern Iraq near the Syrian border in order to secure a small desert landing strip to allow follow-on coalition forces into the area. |
| GWOT History: What was the concern with the H1 Airfield (MAR 2003) | leaders feared that Saddam Hussein would either open the flood gates or destroy the dam in an attempt to flood the approach into Baghdad |
| GWOT History: Jessica Lynch (1 APR 2003) | Elements of 1st and 2nd Ranger Battalions executed a joint raid into the
Fedayeen controlled city of Nasiriya (Na-sir-e-ya). The mission became known as one of the nation’s most successful POW rescues as it resulted in the safe return of PFC Jessica Lynch. The other POWs who died during their internment were buried in a soccer field behind the compound where Lynch was rescued. The Rangers dug up the shallow graves with their hands in order to bring them back home to their families |
| GWOT History: Who participated in OBJ Reindeer (11 June 2003) | B. Co. 2/75 |
| GWOT History: why was B Co. 2/75 given the mission of OBJ Reindeer (11 June 2003) | Initially, this objective belonged to the 101st Airborne
Division, but with reporting coming in of an imminent attack on coalition forces and the 101st’s need for more time to plan, V Corps handed the mission over to the Rangers, who planned and resourced the mission in less than 24 hours. |
| GWOT History: What was the result of OBJ Reindeer (11 June 2003) | B Company, 2nd Battalion attacked and killed over 70 Islamic terrorists at a training camp in the vicinity of Rawah, Iraq |
| GWOT History: What was critical to the success of rangers on OBJ Reindeer (11 June 2003) | Most important were the key leaders’ ability to keep the plan simple and overwhelm the enemy with violence of action. |
| Who is the Regimental Commander? | COL Jim D. Kiersey |
| Who is the Regimental CSM? | CSM Brett W. Johnson |
| When was RSTB activated? | 16 OCT 2007 |
| What units make up STB? | Headquarters and headquarters Company HHC (HHC), Ranger Reconnaissance Company (RRC), Ranger Selection and Training Company (RSTC), Ranger Communications Company (RCC). |
| What does RSTB provide for the regiment? | RSTB provides increased operational capabilities as well as qualified, trained and ready Rangers to sustain the ranger force |
| When was regimental military intelligence battalion activated? | 22 May 2017 |
| What do the colors on the DUI represent? (Red, white, blue, green) | four of the original six combat teams of the 5307th composite unit, commonly referred to as Merrill’s Marauders. |
| What do the symbols of the DUI represent? | In the upper left quadrant, the units close cooperation with the Chinese forces in the China/Burma/India theater is represented in the sun symbol from the Chinese flag.
The white star represents the star of Burma, the country in which the Marauders campaigned during World War Two.
The lightning bolt is symbolic of the strike characteristics of the marauders. |
| Why did the rangers initially design the scroll? | The distinguish real rangers from imposters |
| Who designed the original ranger scroll? | Sergeant Anthony Rada of HHC, a native of Flint Michigan, won with his design |
| When did the army officially recognize the new scroll? | 8 October 1942 |
| Who designed the flash? | 1st Battalion Command Sergeant Major Neal Gentry in March 1974 |
| What does the black boarder of the flash represent? | The black beret that has been worn by rangers since 1951 |
| What do the six colors of the flash represent? | The colors of the flash represent the six combat teams of Merrill’s Marauders |
| What do the colors of the parachutist badge represent? | Black= deceptiveness of the night
Red lightning flash = speed and aggression
Golden yellow = boldness of a ranger |
