| Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. | Enzymes |
| What do carbohydrases such as amylase do? | Carbohydrases break down carbohydrates into simple sugars, aiding in digestion. |
| A carbohydrase enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of starch into simple sugars like glucose. | Amylase |
| What is the function of proteases? | Proteases break down proteins into amino acids, facilitating protein digestion and recycling. |
| Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins, resulting in the breakdown of proteins into amino acids. | Proteases |
| What is the role of lipases? | Lipases assist in breaking down lipids (fats) into fatty acids and glycerol, aiding in fat digestion and metabolism. |
| Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of fats (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol. | Lipases |
| How are the products of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid breakdown used by the body? | The breakdown products are utilized for energy production, as building blocks for new molecules, and in metabolic processes such as respiration. |
| Biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms. | Enzymes |
| What is the role of enzymes in carbohydrate synthesis? | Enzymes catalyze the joining of simple sugars to form larger carbohydrate molecules, such as glycogen. |
| A polysaccharide that serves as a storage form of glucose in animals, synthesized by enzymes from glucose molecules. | Glycogen |
| How are proteins synthesized with the help of enzymes? | Enzymes catalyze the linking of amino acids to form proteins, which are essential for growth, repair, and enzymatic functions. |
| Complex macromolecules composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, synthesized with the aid of enzymes. | Proteins |
| What do enzymes do in lipid synthesis? | Enzymes facilitate the combination of fatty acids and glycerol to produce lipids, which serve as energy stores and structural components in cells. |
| How are the synthesized molecules, such as glycogen, proteins, and lipids, utilized in living organisms? | These molecules serve various functions, including energy storage, structural support, insulation, (respectively) and as essential components of cellular membranes and metabolic processes. |
| A diverse group of hydrophobic molecules, including fats, oils, and phospholipids, synthesized enzymatically from fatty acids and glycerol. | Lipids |
