| Who is often regarded as the father of psychology? | Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt |
| Wundt's approach separated what disciplines? | Psychology and philosophy |
| What did Wundt open in 1897? | The institution for experimental Psychology at the university of Leipzig in Germany (the first laboratory dedicated to psychology) |
| Define 'scientific method'. | Acquiring knowledge through systematic, objective methods (e.g. experiments). Allows general laws about behaviour to be established. |
| Define 'empiricism'. | A method of gaining knowledge which relies on direct observation or testing, not hearsay or rational thought. |
| What 3 factors make psychology a science? | Objective, systematic and replicable |
| Define 'objective'. | Data collected should not be affected by the expectations of the researcher. To be objective, research should be conducted in carefully controlled settings (e.g. a lab) |
| Define 'systematic'. | Done or acting according to a fixed plan or system; methodical |
| Define 'replicable'. | The procedure of an experiment should be detailed enough to replicate it. If the same results are achieved, this research is reliable, thus adding further support to a theory |
| What approach did Wundt use to study the structure of the human mind? | Structuralism |
| Define 'structuralism'. | Breaking down behaviours into simple components. |
| Define 'cultural psychology'. | Not all aspects of human experience (language, memory, thoughts, emotions) could be investigated experimentally but instead could be described in terms of general trends among groups of people. |
| Define 'introspection'. | Studying mental processes (e.g. sensation, perception) by asking people to describe their own experiences, thoughts and feelings in response to stimuli. |
