| The mid-19th-century monk known as the father of genetics for his pioneering work with pea plants. | Gregor Mendel |
| Who is considered the father of genetics? | Gregor Mendel is considered the father of genetics. |
| The branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. | Genetics |
| What experiments did Gregor Mendel conduct? | Gregor Mendel conducted experiments by breeding pea plants. |
| The process by which genetic information is passed from one generation to the next. | Inheritance |
| How did Mendel observe characteristics in pea plants? | Mendel observed that characteristics were inherited in "units" in pea plants. |
| The discrete factors responsible for the inheritance of specific traits, later identified as genes. | Genetic Units |
| What did Mendel refer to as "units" in his experiments? | Mendel referred to the discrete factors responsible for inheritance as "units." |
| The observation that different traits are inherited independently of each other. | Separation of Traits |
| What did Mendel observe about the "units" responsible for different traits? | Mendel observed that these "units" were separate and did not affect each other's inheritance. |
| The manner in which genetic traits are passed from parents to offspring. | Inheritance Patterns |
| How did Mendel's pea plants demonstrate inheritance patterns? | Mendel's pea plants had observable inheritance patterns for traits like flower color and height. |
| When was the importance of Mendel's work recognized? | The importance of Mendel's work wasn't recognized until after his death. |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms. | DNA |
| What was not known during Mendel's time that hindered recognition of his work? | During Mendel's time, the structure and function of DNA were not known, hindering the understanding of how Mendel's "units" were passed on. |
| Thread-like structures composed of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. | Chromosomes |
| What was not understood during Mendel's time regarding inheritance? | During Mendel's time, the mechanisms of how genetic information, represented by Mendel's "units," could be passed on (inherited) were not understood. |
| The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another. | Heredity |
| What was the significance of Mendel's "units" in terms of heredity? | Mendel's "units" explained the mechanisms of heredity, demonstrating how traits are passed from parents to offspring. |
| The 19th-century monk known as the father of genetics for his pioneering work with pea plants. | Gregor Mendel |
| What did Gregor Mendel observe about inheritance? | Gregor Mendel observed that inheritance happened in "units." |
| Thread-like structures composed of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. | Chromosomes |
| What did scientists realize about chromosomes and Mendel's "units"? | Scientists realized that chromosomes and Mendel's "units" behaved in the same way. |
| Units of heredity that are passed from parents to offspring and determine specific traits. | Genes |
| What are Mendel's "units" now called? | Mendel's "units" are now called genes. |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms. | DNA |
| What did scientists work out in the mid-20th century regarding genetics? | In the mid-20th century, scientists worked out the structure of DNA and how genes influence an organism’s characteristics. |
| How has our current understanding of genetics been developed? | Our current understanding of genetics is due to the work of many different scientists who built on previous work over a long period of time. |
| What characterizes the development of our current understanding of genetics? | Our current understanding of genetics has been developed through collaboration among scientists who have built upon each other's work. |
