| When infrared radiation hits an object, some of the radiation is absorbed and some is reflected. | Infrared Interaction |
| What happens when infrared radiation hits an object? | Some of the radiation is absorbed and some is reflected. |
| The amount of radiation absorbed depends on the surface. | Absorption Dependence |
| What affects the amount of infrared radiation absorbed by an object? | The surface of the object. |
| Dark surfaces absorb more radiation than light coloured surfaces. | Dark Surfaces |
| Which type of surface absorbs more infrared radiation: dark or light coloured? | Dark surfaces. |
| Matt surfaces absorb more radiation than shiny surfaces. | Matt Surfaces |
| Which type of surface absorbs more infrared radiation: matt or shiny? | Matt surfaces. |
| All objects emit infrared radiation. | Infrared Emission |
| Do all objects emit infrared radiation? | Yes, all objects emit infrared radiation. |
| The amount of radiation emitted depends on the temperature of the object and the type of surface. | Emission Factors |
| What factors affect the amount of infrared radiation emitted by an object? | The temperature of the object and the type of surface. |
| Surfaces good at absorbing infrared radiation are also good at emitting it. | Absorption and Emission |
| Are surfaces that absorb infrared radiation well also good at emitting it? | Yes, surfaces that absorb infrared radiation well are also good at emitting it. |
| Dark surfaces emit more radiation than light coloured surfaces. | Emission by Dark Surfaces |
| Which type of surface emits more infrared radiation: dark or light coloured? | Dark surfaces. |
| Matt surfaces emit more radiation than shiny surfaces. | Emission by Matt Surfaces |
| Which type of surface emits more infrared radiation: matt or shiny? | Matt surfaces. |
| You can investigate how much infrared radiation a surface emits using test tubes with different surfaces or a Leslie Cube. | Infrared Investigation |
| How can you investigate the emission of infrared radiation by different surfaces? | Using test tubes with different surfaces or a Leslie Cube. |
| Four test tubes prepared with different surfaces to investigate infrared radiation emission. | Equipment: Test Tubes with Different Surfaces |
| One test tube covered in matt black paper or tape. | Equipment: Matt Black Test Tube |
| One test tube covered in shiny black paper or tape. | Equipment: Shiny Black Test Tube |
| One test tube covered in matt white paper or tape. | Equipment: Matt White Test Tube |
| One test tube covered in silver metallic paper or tape. | Equipment: Silver Metallic Test Tube |
| Instrument used to measure precise volumes of liquid for the experiment. | Equipment: Measuring Cylinder |
| Mat used to protect the surface you’re working on from heat damage. | Equipment: Heat Resistant Mat |
| Device used to heat up water for filling the test tubes. | Equipment: Kettle |
| Four thermometers, one for each test tube, to measure temperature changes. | Equipment: Thermometers |
| Device used to measure the time intervals during the experiment. | Equipment: Stopwatch |
| Use a kettle to heat up some water. | Heating Water - Step 1 |
| Use a measuring cylinder to pour the same volume of water into each test tube. Be cautious as the test tubes will become very hot. | Filling Test Tubes - Step 2 |
| Place a thermometer in each test tube and start the stopwatch. | Starting Experiment - Step 3 |
| Record the temperature of each thermometer every minute for 10 minutes. | Recording Temperatures - Step 4 |
| You can plot all these results on the same scatter graph. Put time on the horizontal axis and temperature on the vertical axis. | Graph Plotting |
| How should the results of the experiment be presented? | They should be plotted on a scatter graph with time on the horizontal axis and temperature on the vertical axis. |
| Different surfaces will emit different amounts of infrared radiation. | Surface Variability |
| What variation can be observed among different surfaces in terms of infrared radiation emission? | Different surfaces will emit different amounts of infrared radiation. |
| When infrared radiation is emitted, the temperature of the test tube will decrease. | Temperature Change |
| What happens to the temperature of the test tube when infrared radiation is emitted? | It decreases. |
| The greater the change in temperature, the more infrared radiation was being emitted. | Temperature Change Correlation |
| How does the change in temperature correlate with the amount of emitted infrared radiation? | The greater the change in temperature, the more infrared radiation was being emitted. |
| The best emitters are also the best absorbers. | Emitter-Absorber Relationship |
| What relationship exists between the efficiency of emission and absorption of infrared radiation by surfaces? | The best emitters are also the best absorbers. |
| The matt black surface emits and absorbs the most radiation. | Best Emitter |
| Which surface emits and absorbs the most infrared radiation? | The matt black surface. |
| The shiny silver surface emits and absorbs the least radiation. | Worst Emitter |
| Which surface emits and absorbs the least infrared radiation? | The shiny silver surface. |
