| what is G1 Phase | when cell is synthesising proteins required for all growth, including enzymes |
| NA | NA |
| what is G2 phase | is the replication of the mitochondria and other organelles |
| what are chromosomes made out of? | 2 sister chromatids |
| what are the sister chromatids made out of | made out of chromatin |
| what joins the 2 sister chromatids together to make a chromosome | the centromere |
| explain the role of telomeres pt 1 | each chromatid has one telemers at both ends, sections of the DNA which has repeating sequence of bases, to protect the rest of the DNA from being degraded from cell division |
| explain the role of telomers p2 | everytime a cell divides the chromosomes have to replicate, end of the DNA cannot be replicated (small section of bases) so the chromsomes get shorter. telomers dont code for protein so when it is lost, it makes no differences to the function of the cell |
| describe the structure of chromatin | DNA wraps around histone proteins |
| what is a nucleosomes | group of 8 histone proteins |
| how is the DNA in chromatin good | because it is coiled around the protein it means there is a high quality of DNA, able to packaged in very small spaces |
| what is interphase | when cell division is not taking place - growth and doing its function |
| in cell division what do we need to do? | replicate nucleus |
| what is the phase called when nucleus is replicated and cell is starting to spread to 2 sides | cell division (mitosis) |
| what is called when the cell succesfully divides. | cytokenisis |
| what is the chromatin in interphase | chromatin is uncondensed, not as tightly coiled, long and thin |
| what is the chromatin during mitosis | chromatin condenses, much more tightly coiled, shorter and thicker |
| what is the chromatin in cytokenisis | chromatin becomes uncondensed |
| what is S phase | the phase where DNA replication occurs |
| what is G2 phase | is the replication of the mitochondria and other organelles |
| what is G1 Phase | when cell is synthesising proteins required for all growth, including enzymes |
