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level: Autacoids based with notes

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Autacoids based with notes

QuestionAnswer
Produced by specialized cells ( eg. Insulin) systemicEndocrine Hormones
A localized hormone (site of release is near the site of action produced by virtually cellsAutacoids
Autacoids includeBESH , histamine. 5HT, eicosanoids, bradykinin
Histamine located inMast cells , basophils, stomach, CNS, ECL cells
Enzyme used to histidine convered to histamineL- histidine decarboxylase
What histamine receptor that cause vasodilation in vascular smooth muscle which leads to decrease in BP that causes anaphylactic shockH1 receptor
What histamine receptor that secretes HCl production in parietal cellsH2 receptor
What histamine receptor responsible in indothelial cells contraction which leads to localized edemaH1 receptor
What is the triple reponse of lewis in H1 receptorFlush, flare, wheal
What do you call the redness around the flush or erythema in interdermal histamineFlare
It is a localized spot/ red duct in interdermal histamineFlush
A receptor of histamine that inhibits the further release of H in the presynaptic CNS and it is commonly known as autoregulation.H3 receptor
What histamine receptor that increases the degranulation of H in mast cells & basophils thus therr is exocytosis happening.H2 receptor
majors function is to increase HCl secretionHIPS ,hydralazine,IF(b12 abs), parietal cells
Effects of H1 receptor includesBronchoconstriction & pain & itchness
Its no longer clinically used but it is used before as pulmonary challenge test & determination of adequancy of HClHistamine
It is an H1 agonist and H3 agonist that is used in the management of endolymph associated with vertigoBetahistine
What disease called fluid in the inner ear or endolymphMinierres Disease
The new drug used for diagnosis of Bronchial asthma which is a pulmonary challenge testmethacholine
Histamine with Epinephrine is what type of antagonistFunctional /physiologic
Epinephrine includes what receptorAlpha 1 (vasoconstriction)& beta 2 (bronchodilation)
Epinephrine indicationTx of anaphylaxis
What are the types under pharmacologic antagonist / antihistamineH1 antihistamine/ anti- allergy and h2 antihistamine
It is the most sedating antihistamine & powerful anticholinergics1st Gen /classical
Drugs under 1st Gen that is ethanolaminesDiphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, carbinoxamine, doxylamine
It is the most sedating & most effective in 1st GenEthanolamines
DOC for acute dystonic crisis( twisting if neck)Diphenhydramine
The salt form of diphenhydramineDimenhydrinate
The generic name of Unisom (R) tablets which is use as sleeping aidDoxylamine
ethylenediamine in 1st Gen anti histamine includesPyrilamine , tripenelamine,
1st Gen piperazine that is used in motion sicknessHydroxyzine, meclizine, cyclizine
Under Piperazine, it is a Prodrug of cetirizine which is known as Iterax (R)Hydroxyzine
1st Gen alkylamine that is used in components of cold preparation such as neozep(R)Chlorpheneramine, brompheneramine
The only drug under1st Gen in Phenothiazines which is used for anesthetic adjunct for pre-operative sedation it is commonly known as phenergan (R)Promethazine
The only piperidine drug under 1st Gen which is used in the Mgt of serotonin syndrome (antiserotoninergic) or hyperthermic disorderCyroheptadine
Less sedating antihistamine under 2nd Gen piperazineCetirizine, levocetirizine
It is useful for pilots drivers, machine operators because it is True non sedating antihistamine in 2nd Gen piperidine . It is contraindicated to patients with BPH & glaucoma drug includesLoratadine, desloratadine, fexofenadine
What generation of antihistamine which adverse effect is sedation & anticholinergics1st Gen
What generation of antihistamine which adverse effect is cardiotoxicity2nd gen
It is the less potent in H2 antagonistCimetidine
FamotidineMost potent
Indication of H2 antihistamine includesMgt of acid peptic disease, mgt of acute GERD, adjuncts in Mgt of allergic rxn
1st line in management of acid peptic disease which is taken in IVPPI (90-98% reduction) while H2 inh is (60-70%)
H2 antihistamine includesCimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine, nizatidine
It is anti-androgenic drug and also an enzyme inhibitor which is toxic to other drugsCimetidine
Cimetidine as anti-androgenic drug causesgalactorrhea gynecomastia, loss of libido or infertility
A hormone that is located in enterochromaffin cells, platelets,thrombocytes, stomach,CNS,brainserotonin
Enterochromaffin cells also known asKolchitzky cells (SI: >90%)
precursor of serotoninL-tryptophan
Serotonin also known as5-hydroxyhyptamine or 5HT
Enzymes used in serotoninHydroxylase, decarboxylase
Central effects of serotonin. What does serotonin regulate ?Mood, temp, BP & emesis
Peripheral effects of serotonin in Blood vessels but not in coronary arteries and skeletal musclesVasoconstriction
Serotonin effects include platelet aggegation or clotting that means its aPro-aggregant
Other effects of serotonin includesPeristalsis,oxytosis
It is a receptor that inhibits further release of serotonin in presynaptic receptor in the CNS5-HT1A
It is a partial agonist used us anxiolytic which falls under 5-HT1ABuspirone
It is an agonist which cause vasoconstriction the reason why it is contraindicated to patients with Hypertension but its therapeutic use as management of migraineTriptans
Triptans drugs such as somatriptan,naratriptan zolmitriptan is what type of receptor ?5HT1B/1D
A receptor of serotonin responsible for smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels, uterus & bronchi5HT2A/2B
An agonist 5-HT2A2B drug that has additional toxicity in retroperitoneal fibrosisErgot derivatives
5-HT2A2B agonist drug and an ergot derivatives that is vasoselectiveErgotamine
5-HT2A2B agonist drug and an ergot derivatives that is uteroselective drug used as a treatment for postpartum bleeding and used in acute migraine headacheErgometrine,ergonovine
5-HT2A2B agonist drug and an ergot derivatives which is withdrawn in the market because it induced abortionMethysergide
5-HT2A2B Antagonist drug that is used as antihypertensionketanserin
5-HT2A2B Antagonist drug that is used as prophylaxis of migraineMethysergine
It is a centrally acting serotonin receptor that is known as chemoreceptor trigger zone which causes emesis5-HT3 receptor
It is an 5-HT3 antagonist that is used in the prevention or treatment to chemotheraphy induced Nausea & vomiting therefore it is a Rescue drugsSetron drugs
Setron drugs include ondansetron, granisetron, palonesetron. Which among the 3 is used in single IV dose for 5 daysPalonesetron
What receptor of serotonin that its effect is located in GIT tract and cause peristalsis5-HT4 receptor
It is a partial agonist 5HT4 drug which is used in the Management of irritable bowel syndrome with predominant syndrome.Cisapride,tegaserol
It is a full agonist 5HT4 drug that is used in the management of chronic constipationPrucalopride
Compounds derivative from amino acidEicosanoids
In biosynthesis primary source of eicosanoidsPhospholipids