| What is the most common connective tissue
disease? | What of disease is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus? |
| Organ failure, or overwhelming sepsis cause premature death. As well as cardiovascular disease to which chronic steroid therapy makes a major contribution. | What causes premature death in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus? |
| 5 Years | What is the mortality time for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus? |
| Vasculitis and organ damage are part of active (what disease)? | Immune complex formation is thought to be an important
mechanism of tissue damage in active SLE, leading to
widespread (2 answers)? |
| General symptoms: fever, weight loss and mild lymphadenopathy. Also has a raised, sore and itchy rash (often "butterfly" facial rash. | Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| What is "Raynaud's phenomenon"? | ___________ is a condition resulting in discoloration of the fingers and/or the toes after exposure to changes in temperature (cold or hot) or emotional events. |
| Is swelling, that is raised and painful or itchy | What is erythematous? |
| Refers to various conditions in which there is mottled discolouration of the skin. It is described as being reticular (net-like, lace-like), as cyanotic discolouration surrounds pale central skin. | What is livedo reticularis? |
| - Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE)
rashes are migratory, non-scarring and either annular or psoriaform.
- Discoid lupus lesions are characterized by hyperkeratosis (dermal thickening) and
follicular plugging, and may cause scarring alopecia (spotty balding). | What is the difference between Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) and Discoid lupus? |
| Systemic Sclerosis | (_____________) is a generalised disorder of
connective tissue affecting the skin, internal organs and
vasculature. |
| 4th and 5th life decades. Women. | What are the main decades of life that see the highest peak in Systemic Sclerosis? Which gender is most effected" |
| Thinning of the lips and radial furrowing (vertical lines around the mouth), discolouration of the ends of fingers, and shiny, taught skin over fingers with restricted ROM. | What are the symptoms of Systemic Sclerosis found in the face and hands? |
| - Arthralgia, morning stiffness. Restricted hand function is due to skin disease. | What are the musculoskeletal features of Systematic Sclerosis? |
| Comes from the Greek arthro-, joint + -algos, pain) literally means joint pain. | What does "Arthralgia" mean? |
| Definition: This is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by inflammation and necrosis of blood vessel walls, with associated damage to skin, kidney, lung, heart, brain and gastrointestinal tract | What are the The Vasculitis Syndromes? |
| ________ is usually classified on the basis of the size of vessel involved (Sm/M/L) | Vasculitis is usually classified on the basis of _____________ involved |
| local tissue ischaemia (due to vessel inflammation and narrowing) and
the systemic effects of widespread inflammation.
These are the clinical features of what group of diseases? | Pathophysiology : The clinical features of vasculitis result from _____________ (2)? |
| ________ is a restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen that is needed for cellular metabolism (to keep tissue alive). | What does "ischaemia" mean? |
| Giant Cell Arteritis AND polymyalgia rheumatica (head and neck area with muscle pain), Takayasu’s arteritis (heart), | Name 1 large-vessle vasculitis. |
| Kawasaki's Disease (heart), Classical polyarteritis nodosa (multisystem disease) | Name 1 medium-vessle vasculitis. |
| Microscopic polyangiitis, Wegener’s granulomatosis (skull sinuses/upper respiratory/kidney), Churg–Strauss syndrome (respiratory/skin), Henoch-Schönlein purpura (usually begins with respiratory infection), Mixed essential cryoglobulinaemia (Cryoglobulins--immunoglobulins) | Name 1 small-vessle vasculitis. |
| Nasal (and sinus cavities), respiratory, skin, renal | In Vasculitises, what body parts are often concerned? |
| Behçet’s syndrome is what? | What is the Vasculitis with unknown etiology (size), that targets venules? |
| The study of the (medical) causes of an illness. | Define Aetiology/Etiology |
