Question:
What are the etiologies of cancer?
Author: H KAnswer:
Carcinogenic agents (genetic damage, three agents: Chemicals (no metabolic conversion direct carcinogenic, some are indirect acting need metabolic conversion, some are increased by admin of hormones (direct like alkylating agents and acetylating agents, indirect like polycyclic and aromatic HCs), highly reactive electrophile group) Radiation carcinogenesis (ionizing cause chrms brake and rearrangement, UV forms dimers in DNA cause mutation (Squamous cell carcinoma/melanoma)) Oncogenic viruses and microbes (HTLV1 T cell leukemia by Tax protein, HPV causes benign warts and cervical cancer oncogenes p53 and RB, EBV Burkitt lymphoma, HepB and C hepatocellular carcinoma by Hbx Ag, H.pylori adenocarcinoma and MALToma by gastric cell proliferation
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